Author

Alexander Ramirez

Alexander Ramirez, DPT, OCS, Cert. MDT, is an orthopedic physical therapist at an outpatient spine clinic in Peoria, Illinois. As a board-certified clinical specialist, he treats patients recovering from lumbar disc herniations, sciatica, and persistent mechanical back pain. In addition to his patient caseload, he teaches postgraduate spine assessment and manual therapy courses to practicing clinicians. Ramirez also writes for Biology Insights on spinal health and non-surgical back care.

Paravertebral Muscles: Function, Pain, and Health Bones & Muscles
What Is the Vacuum Disc Phenomenon at L5-S1?Tests
Can Cervical Spine Problems Cause Fatigue?Bones & Muscles
Multifidus Atrophy: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Bones & Muscles
Does Spinal Decompression Help With Sciatica?Bones & Muscles
Bifid Spinous Process: Clinical Overview for Cervical Care Bones & Muscles
What Is Loss of Lumbar Lordosis and How Is It Managed?Bones & Muscles
What Is Anterolisthesis of C4 on C5?Bones & Muscles
Can a Chiropractor Help With a Fractured Vertebrae?Bones & Muscles
Can a Hamstring Injury Cause Sciatica?Bones & Muscles
What Is Grade 1 Spondylolisthesis? Causes & Treatment Bones & Muscles
What Is Straightening of the Lumbar Lordosis?Bones & Muscles
Is Facet Arthropathy the Same as Degenerative Disc Disease?Bones & Muscles
What Is a Concentric Disc Bulge and What Causes It?Bones & Muscles
What Grade Is a 4 mm Anterolisthesis?Bones & Muscles
What Does Disc Space Narrowing at L5-S1 Mean?Bones & Muscles
What Grade Is a 9mm Anterolisthesis?Bones & Muscles
What Grade Is a 3 mm Anterolisthesis?Bones & Muscles
Can IT Band Syndrome Cause Lower Back Pain?Bones & Muscles
Can a Tailbone Injury Affect Bowel Movements?Bones & Muscles
What Is Retrolisthesis of L5 on S1?Bones & Muscles
How Many mm Makes a Disc Bulge Bad?Bones & Muscles
What Does Fluid in the Facet Joints Mean?Bones & Muscles
What Is Mild Anterolisthesis and How Is It Treated?Bones & Muscles
What Is the Difference Between Anterolisthesis and Spondylolisthesis?Bones & Muscles
Lower Back Pain That Won’t Go Away: What’s Really Going On Bones & Muscles
What Is the QL Muscle? Anatomy, Function, and Pain Bones & Muscles
Can C5 C6 Issues Cause Dizziness?Brain & Nerves
What Does the Straight Leg Raise Test For?Tests
What Is Anterolisthesis of the Lumbar Spine?Bones & Muscles