Science Page 936

More in Science

  1. Biology

    How Is Insulin Made for Diabetics: Bacteria to Vials

    Modern insulin comes from genetically engineered bacteria and yeast, not animal pancreases. Here’s how microbes are turned into medicine for diabetics.

    By Rashad Hawkins
  2. Environment

    Is There Fluoride in Tap Water and Is It Safe?

    Most tap water contains added fluoride to support dental health, but is it safe? Here’s what the research says and how to check your local levels.

    By Tara James
  3. Environment

    How Does Water Become Polluted? The Main Causes

    From farm runoff to microplastics, explore the main ways water becomes polluted and why some sources are harder to control than others.

    By Monique Diallo
  4. Environment

    Is School Water Safe to Drink? Lead, PFAS, and Fixes

    School water often contains lead and PFAS, and many schools go untested. Here’s what parents and staff can do about it.

    By Duc Tran
  5. Environment

    How the Environment Affects Your Health and Body

    From air pollution to artificial light, your surroundings shape your health in ways you might not expect. Here’s what the science says.

    By Tara James
  6. Chemistry

    What Does a Carbohydrate Look Like at Every Scale

    From atoms to dinner plates, here’s what carbohydrates actually look like at every level — molecular, microscopic, and in your kitchen.

    By Sherry McLaughlin
  7. Biology

    What Do Taste Buds Look Like Under a Microscope?

    Taste buds are tiny, intricate structures hidden within tongue bumps. Here’s what they actually look like under a microscope and how they work.

    By Isabel Soto
  8. Physics

    What Was the Chainsaw Originally Invented For?

    Before chainsaws cut timber, they were surgical tools used in childbirth. Learn how this surprising medical invention made its way into the lumber industry.

    By Timothy Song
  9. Biology

    Is the 5 Second Rule Real? What Science Says

    Bacteria transfers to dropped food immediately, but your actual risk depends on surface type, food moisture, and what’s on your floor.

    By Tanja Horvat
  10. Chemistry

    What Is Citric Acid Used For? Uses & Benefits

    Citric acid shows up in your food, cleaning products, skincare, and medicine. Here’s what it actually does and why it’s so widely used.

    By Hugh Sherwood
  11. Environment

    What Does Black Mold Smell Like? Odor and Warning Signs

    Black mold has a distinct musty, earthy odor. Learn what it smells like, how it differs from mildew, and what to do if you notice it in your home.

    By Wesley Cooper
  12. Chemistry

    What Is a Low pH? Effects on Body, Soil, and Water

    Low pH affects everything from your blood and digestion to garden soil and local waterways. Here’s what it means and why it matters.

    By Terry McNamara
  13. Earth & Space

    What Is Citrine Used For? Jewelry, Decor & More

    Citrine is a versatile yellow quartz used in jewelry, home decor, and collectibles. Learn what it is, how to care for it, and why it carries a unique reputation.

    By Pablo Delgado
  14. Genetics

    How Common Is Usher Syndrome? Prevalence by Type

    Usher syndrome affects roughly 1 in 6,000 people, but rates vary by type and population. Here’s what the data shows.

    By Liz Livingston