Naltrexone is a medication prescribed to assist individuals in reducing or stopping alcohol consumption. A common question is whether it will cause physical sickness if alcohol is consumed while taking it. Unlike some other medications, Naltrexone does not induce a severe physical reaction, such as intense nausea or vomiting, in response to alcohol.
Understanding Naltrexone’s Action
Naltrexone functions as an opioid antagonist, blocking specific opioid receptors in the brain. When alcohol is consumed, it prompts the release of endorphins, the body’s natural feel-good chemicals. These endorphins bind to opioid receptors, contributing to the pleasurable sensations associated with drinking.
By occupying these receptors, Naltrexone prevents endorphins from binding, reducing the “high” or euphoric effects alcohol usually provides. This mechanism diminishes alcohol’s reinforcing effects, rather than creating an aversive reaction. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved Naltrexone for Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) and Opioid Use Disorder (OUD).
What Happens When You Drink on Naltrexone
Naltrexone does not cause acute physical sickness, such as severe nausea, vomiting, or flushing, if alcohol is consumed. Instead, it reduces the pleasurable sensations typically associated with drinking. Because the rewarding effects are blocked, individuals may find consuming alcohol less enjoyable or satisfying.
Naltrexone does not prevent the intoxicating effects of alcohol. Individuals can still experience impaired judgment, reduced coordination, and other signs of intoxication, even if the “buzz” or craving for more alcohol is diminished. This lack of a rewarding sensation could lead individuals to drink more than intended, potentially increasing the risk of over-intoxication.
Important Considerations for Naltrexone Users
While Naltrexone does not trigger a direct “sick” reaction to alcohol, drinking while on the medication still carries risks. The blunted reward response can inadvertently lead to accidental overconsumption of alcohol, as individuals might drink more to chase a sensation that will not occur. This can increase the likelihood of alcohol poisoning or other alcohol-related harms.
Naltrexone itself can have common side effects not related to alcohol interaction. These include nausea, headache, dizziness, anxiety, and trouble sleeping. Consulting with a healthcare provider is advised for Naltrexone users, especially regarding concerns or if alcohol is consumed. Avoid discontinuing Naltrexone without medical guidance, as it is part of a comprehensive treatment plan.