When unwell, you may notice increased eye discharge, often called “boogers” or “sleep.” While some discharge is normal, illness can lead to excess amounts. Understanding its origin and significance can ease discomfort.
Understanding Eye Discharge When Sick
The eyes naturally produce a combination of mucus, oils, and tears to maintain lubrication and remove debris. This mixture forms a protective tear film that constantly bathes the eye surface.
During illness, the immune response can inflame the conjunctiva, the clear membrane covering the eye and inner eyelids. This inflammation, known as conjunctivitis or “pink eye,” is often caused by viral or bacterial infections accompanying colds and respiratory illnesses. The body’s natural defense mechanisms respond to the infection by increasing the production of mucus and other fluids to help flush out pathogens and irritants.
Tear ducts, which drain tears to the nose, can also inflame or block during a cold. This prevents normal drainage, leading to a buildup of tears and discharge. Increased fluid production and reduced drainage combine to create noticeable eye discharge.
Identifying Different Types of Eye Discharge
The appearance of eye discharge can offer clues about its potential cause, though it is not a definitive diagnostic tool. Clear and watery discharge is frequently associated with viral infections, such as the common cold, or with allergic reactions. This type of discharge may be accompanied by redness and a gritty sensation in the eye.
In contrast, bacterial infections often produce a thicker, more opaque discharge. This discharge can appear yellow, green, or even gray, and it may have a pus-like consistency. Eyelids may stick together, particularly upon waking, due to this sticky mattering.
White or stringy mucus can also be observed, sometimes indicating dry eye syndrome or allergic conjunctivitis. The presence of crusty residue along the eyelashes is common, resulting from the drying of discharge during sleep when blinking does not regularly flush the eyes.
Gentle Eye Care Practices
Managing eye discharge when sick involves gentle and hygienic practices to alleviate discomfort and prevent further irritation. It is important to wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water before and after touching your eyes or cleaning any discharge. Use a clean, soft cloth or cotton ball soaked in warm water to gently wipe away any crusts or discharge from your eyelids and lashes. Always wipe from the inner corner of the eye outwards to avoid spreading any potential infection.
Avoid rubbing your eyes, as this can worsen irritation and potentially introduce more germs. It is also advisable to avoid sharing towels, washcloths, or makeup with others to prevent the spread of infectious conjunctivitis. If you wear contact lenses, it is best to switch to glasses until your symptoms resolve, as contact lenses can trap bacteria and exacerbate the condition. Maintaining good hygiene helps support the eyes’ natural healing process.
When to Consult a Doctor
While some eye discharge during illness is common, certain signs indicate the need for professional medical attention. You should consult a doctor if you experience persistent eye pain, significant redness that does not improve, or increased swelling around the eyes. Blurred vision, sensitivity to light, or a feeling that something is constantly stuck in your eye are also symptoms that warrant a medical evaluation.
If the eye discharge is thick, yellow, or green and does not clear up within a few days, or if it significantly worsens, it could suggest a bacterial infection that may require specific treatment. Additionally, if you suspect a blocked tear duct, especially in infants, or if the eye discharge is accompanied by a painful bump on the eyelid, a doctor’s visit is recommended. Prompt consultation can help ensure proper diagnosis and prevent potential complications.