If you are experiencing blood in your urine after lithotripsy, it is a common occurrence. This phenomenon, known as hematuria, is a frequent observation following this specific kidney stone treatment. It is generally a temporary side effect of the procedure’s mechanism.
Understanding Lithotripsy
Lithotripsy is a non-invasive medical procedure designed to treat kidney stones too large to pass naturally through the urinary tract. The technique uses focused ultrasonic energy, or shock waves, to break down these stones. A lithotripter generates these shock waves outside the body. The shock waves travel through the body’s tissues, targeting the kidney stone using imaging guidance like X-rays or ultrasound. These high-energy waves shatter the larger stone into smaller fragments, which then pass out of the body through the urine.
The Mechanism Behind Blood in Urine
Blood in the urine after lithotripsy is a direct consequence of how the procedure works to break down kidney stones. The intense shock waves, while focused on the stone, can cause minor trauma to the delicate tissues within the kidney and the surrounding blood vessels. This impact can rupture tiny blood vessels in the renal parenchyma. As kidney stone fragments begin their journey through the urinary tract, they can irritate or temporarily injure the lining of the ureters and bladder. This physical passage of stone debris contributes to the presence of blood.
What to Expect Regarding Blood in Urine
After lithotripsy, it is typical to observe blood in the urine. The urine may appear pink, reddish, or smoky in color, and small blood clots might also be visible. This bleeding is usually most noticeable in the first day or two following the procedure, gradually decreasing over time. The blood in the urine typically resolves within a few days to about a week, though some may be present for up to several weeks, particularly if a ureteral stent is in place. Drinking plenty of fluids helps dilute the urine, facilitate stone fragment passage, and clear the blood.
When to Contact Your Doctor
While blood in the urine is common after lithotripsy, certain signs warrant immediate medical attention. Contact your doctor if you experience heavy bleeding, meaning bright red, thick urine, or pass large blood clots that make urination difficult. Persistent blood in the urine beyond the expected duration, such as longer than 72 hours, should also be reported. Other concerning symptoms include severe pain in your back or side that does not subside with pain medication, or a fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, or a burning sensation during urination, which could indicate an infection and needs evaluation. If you are unable to urinate at all, this could signal a blockage by stone fragments and needs urgent care.