Seeing an unusual color in a wound, such as green, can be a cause for concern. Green discoloration often indicates an issue within the healing process that requires attention. This article explains why a wound might turn green and what that means for your health.
The Cause of Green Wound Color
A green color in a wound is most frequently linked to a bacterial infection, particularly by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This bacterium is an opportunistic pathogen often found in various environments, including chronic and burn wounds. It is known for producing specific pigments that can stain the wound.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa creates a blue-green pigment called pyocyanin. This pigment is produced by a large majority of P. aeruginosa strains, ranging from 90% to 95%. Another pigment, pyoverdine, has a yellow-green fluorescent color. The combination of these pigments contributes to the characteristic green or blue-green appearance of an infected wound or its discharge. While Pseudomonas is the most common cause, bacterial infection remains the primary concern.
Accompanying Signs of Infection
A green wound color rarely appears in isolation; it is often accompanied by other indicators of an infection. Increased pain around the wound site is a common symptom, which may worsen over time. The area surrounding the wound can also become swollen and feel warm to the touch.
Redness, or erythema, is another frequent sign, often spreading outwards from the wound. You might also observe pus or discharge, which can be thick, milky, and potentially match the green or yellow-green color, often with a foul odor. Systemic signs like fever or a general feeling of being unwell can also develop. These signs, alongside green discoloration, strongly suggest an infection that requires assessment.
When to Seek Medical Attention
Seeking professional medical attention is important if you notice any green discoloration in a wound. Even if other symptoms are not yet prominent, green discharge or tissue indicates a potential infection. It is particularly important to seek care if pain increases, redness spreads, or if you develop a fever or chills.
Additional concerning signs include increasing swelling, a foul-smelling discharge, or red streaks extending from the wound, which can indicate a spreading infection. If the wound is deep, large, a puncture wound, or if it isn’t showing signs of healing after a few days, professional consultation is necessary. Self-treating a suspected infection, especially one with green discoloration, is not recommended.
Proper Wound Care and Prevention
Effective wound care is important for preventing infections and supporting the body’s natural healing process. Begin by thoroughly washing your hands with soap and water before and after touching the wound. Gently clean the wound itself with mild soap and clean water to remove any dirt or debris. Avoid using harsh antiseptics like hydrogen peroxide or alcohol, as these can irritate the skin and delay healing.
After cleaning, apply a thin layer of antibiotic ointment if recommended by a healthcare professional and cover the wound with a clean bandage or dressing. Changing dressings regularly, typically daily or when they become wet or soiled, helps keep the wound clean and dry, minimizing the risk of infection. Avoid touching the wound unnecessarily and monitor it for any changes. While these general care practices are beneficial, remember that any green discoloration specifically warrants professional medical assessment.