A squirrel exhibiting shaking can be a concerning sight. This behavior spans a wide range of possibilities, from natural physiological responses to serious underlying issues. Understanding the context and observing the squirrel’s overall demeanor provides important clues. Observing additional behaviors can help distinguish a benign quiver from a sign of distress.
Natural Explanations for Shaking
Squirrels often display shaking behaviors as part of their normal activities and communication. For example, a squirrel may quiver with excitement or anticipation, particularly when food is present. This can manifest as a slight body tremor or rapid tail flicking.
Tail movements are a significant form of communication among squirrels. They frequently flick their tails to signal alarm, warn other squirrels of predators, or express territorial defense. During mating season, male squirrels might also shake their tails as part of a courtship display. Brief shivers can also occur during or immediately after grooming as the animal adjusts its fur or body temperature. Young squirrels, still developing their motor skills, might exhibit shivers as they learn to navigate their environment.
Environmental Stressors and Basic Needs
Shivering is a common physiological response to cold temperatures, helping the animal generate body heat. A squirrel affected by cold may appear hunched, lethargic, or struggle with movement, indicating potential hypothermia.
Lack of sufficient food or water can lead to weakness and tremors. Dehydration can cause symptoms such as lethargy, sunken eyes, and wrinkled or dry skin. Similarly, hunger, particularly in young squirrels, can result in low blood sugar (hypoglycemia), causing weakness, tremors, and even seizures. Squirrels also shake as a response to fear or stress from perceived threats, such as loud noises, sudden movements, or the presence of predators. This physiological response can be accompanied by rapid breathing, freezing in place, or attempts to flee.
When Shaking Signals Illness or Injury
Physical trauma, such as a fall from a tree or an animal attack, can cause shaking due to localized pain or internal injuries. Visible wounds, limping, or an unusual posture may accompany these tremors. Head trauma can lead to neurological symptoms like listing to one side, walking in circles, dizziness, or blood from the nose or mouth.
Neurological issues are a significant cause of shaking. Metabolic Bone Disease (MBD), a condition stemming from a severe calcium and vitamin D deficiency, commonly causes weakness, tremors, paralysis, and seizures. Other neurological problems, such as those caused by viral infections like West Nile Virus or certain brain parasites, can also manifest as uncoordinated movements or seizures. Ingestion of toxic substances, such as pesticides or rodenticides, can induce neurological symptoms like muscle tremors, seizures, ataxia (loss of coordination), and paralysis. Systemic infections or diseases can also lead to generalized weakness, fever, and shivering.
Steps to Take When Observing a Shaking Squirrel
If you observe a squirrel shaking, it is important to approach with caution and prioritize safety. Maintaining a safe distance is crucial, as approaching a distressed or injured wild animal can cause further stress or provoke a defensive reaction. Assess the situation from afar, noting any other unusual behaviors such as lethargy, visible injuries, or disorientation, and consider environmental factors like extreme cold or the presence of predators.
For most situations involving a distressed, injured, or ill squirrel, the most appropriate action is to contact a local wildlife rescue organization or licensed rehabilitator. These professionals possess the training, resources, and legal authorization to diagnose the animal’s condition and provide appropriate care. You can typically find local wildlife rehabilitators by searching online for “wildlife rescue” or “wildlife rehabilitator” followed by your city or state. It is strongly advised against attempting to self-treat, capture, or handle a sick or injured squirrel without professional guidance, as this can be dangerous for both the animal and the person. If the squirrel appears cold, providing a passive heat source, such as a heating pad placed under half of a box, can offer comfort while awaiting professional help.