A green discoloration under a fake nail is a common and treatable condition. This discoloration is usually a sign of a bacterial presence, specifically Pseudomonas aeruginosa, rather than a fungal infection, which often presents with different characteristics. Understanding its cause and how to address it can help manage and prevent recurrence.
Understanding the Green Discoloration
The green hue on a nail, often referred to as “green nail syndrome” or “chloronychia,” is typically caused by a bacterial infection, specifically Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This bacterium is widespread, commonly found in soil, water, and on human skin. It thrives in moist, damp, and nearly oxygen-free environments, making the space between a natural nail and a lifted artificial nail an ideal breeding ground.
The characteristic green color is not the bacteria itself, but rather a byproduct of pigments it produces, primarily pyocyanin and pyoverdine. These pigments stain the nail plate, resulting in shades from light greenish-yellow to darker green, or even greenish-black. This bacterial colonization is generally not a serious infection for healthy individuals, but it does require attention. It is distinct from a fungal infection, which typically causes nails to become yellow, thick, or brittle.
Addressing a Green Nail
Upon noticing green discoloration under a fake nail, the immediate step is to carefully remove the artificial nail. This allows the natural nail to be exposed to air and dry out, which is essential since the bacteria thrives in moist conditions. Once the artificial nail is removed, clean the natural nail and the surrounding area.
Keeping the nail clean and dry is paramount for recovery. For mild cases, soaking the nail in a solution of equal parts white vinegar and warm water for about 10 minutes daily can be helpful, as vinegar’s mild acidity creates an unfavorable environment for the bacteria. After soaking, ensure the nail is completely dry. Avoid covering the nail with new polish or artificial nails until the discoloration has grown out and the nail appears healthy.
While many cases can be managed with diligent home care, professional medical attention should be sought if the discoloration spreads, if there is pain, pus, swelling around the nail, or if the condition does not improve after a few days of self-care. A healthcare provider can diagnose the issue and may prescribe topical antibiotics or other treatments, especially if there are signs of a more severe infection or underlying conditions.
Preventing Green Nail Discoloration
Preventing green nail discoloration involves minimizing the conditions that allow Pseudomonas aeruginosa to flourish. Proper nail preparation before applying artificial nails is a preventative measure. This includes cleaning and drying the natural nail plate and ensuring any lifting or gaps are addressed, as these areas can trap moisture. Using a dehydrator and primer helps create a dry surface for better adhesion of artificial nails, reducing trapped moisture.
Maintaining good hygiene practices is important for both nail technicians and clients. Nail tools should be cleaned and disinfected between clients to prevent bacterial spread. For individuals, avoiding prolonged exposure of hands to water, such as wearing gloves for household chores, helps keep nails dry. Regularly checking for and addressing any lifting of artificial nails promptly prevents moisture accumulation.
Choosing reputable nail salons that adhere to strict sanitation and disinfection protocols is a proactive step in preventing nail infections. These salons typically use hospital-grade disinfectants for tools and maintain clean environments. Taking occasional breaks from artificial nails allows natural nails to breathe and recover.