After removing artificial nails, some individuals may notice a green discoloration on their natural nails. This common phenomenon, often a source of concern, can occur after applying various types of glue-on or artificial nails. Understanding its causes, how to address it, and how to prevent it is important for maintaining nail health. This article explores the cause of this discoloration, its characteristics, treatment, and preventive measures.
What Causes the Green Color?
The green discoloration on nails after wearing artificial enhancements is caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a common bacterium found in soil, water, and on human skin. This bacterium thrives in environments conducive to rapid growth.
Artificial nails can create such an environment when air pockets or moisture become trapped between the natural nail and the glue-on nail, forming a warm, dark, and damp space. The bacteria produce green pigments, pyocyanin and pyoverdin, as metabolic byproducts. These pigments stain the nail plate, resulting in the characteristic green or greenish-yellow color. This discoloration is a bacterial issue, not a mold or fungal infection.
Recognizing the Signs
The most apparent sign is the green color, which varies in intensity from light green to yellow-green, or even darker green, sometimes approaching brownish-black. This change typically begins as a small spot and can gradually spread across the nail plate. The affected nail might also separate from the nail bed, a condition called onycholysis.
While often asymptomatic, some individuals may notice a musty or sweet odor produced by the bacteria. The nail itself usually isn’t painful or inflamed unless a secondary infection develops or the nail bed is damaged. In some instances, the discolored area could feel softer or become crumbly.
Addressing the Discoloration
Upon noticing green discoloration, immediately remove any artificial nail products. Keep the affected natural nail and surrounding area clean and completely dry, as moisture promotes bacterial growth. Avoid reapplying nail enhancements until the discoloration has fully grown out and the nail has returned to its healthy state.
For home treatment, antiseptic solutions can be beneficial. Soaking the affected nail in a diluted white vinegar solution (one part vinegar to four parts water) for about 10 minutes, twice daily, can help. Vinegar creates an acidic environment inhospitable to the bacteria. Alternatively, diluted rubbing alcohol (91% isopropyl alcohol) or a 1:4 chlorine bleach solution can be applied. After any application, thoroughly dry the nail.
If the discoloration persists, spreads rapidly, or if there is accompanying pain, swelling, pus, or signs of inflammation, seek professional medical attention. A doctor or dermatologist may prescribe topical or oral antibiotics for more severe cases.
Preventing Future Occurrences
Preventing green nail discoloration involves careful practices when using glue-on nails. Ensure your natural nails are completely clean and thoroughly dry before application, as residual moisture creates a favorable environment for bacteria. Apply a thin, even layer of nail glue, ensuring a tight, secure seal between the artificial and natural nail to minimize air pockets and prevent moisture from seeping underneath.
Regularly inspect artificial nails for signs of lifting or gaps, which serve as entry points for moisture and bacteria. If lifting occurs, promptly remove and reapply the artificial nail or give your natural nails a break. Avoid wearing glue-on nails for extended periods, allowing your natural nails regular breaks to breathe and dry completely. Practice good hand hygiene, such as drying hands thoroughly after washing and wearing gloves for tasks involving prolonged water exposure (e.g., dishwashing or cleaning), to further reduce the risk.