A burning sensation in the elbow can be a concerning experience, often signaling an underlying issue that requires attention. While this symptom can cause discomfort, understanding its potential origins can help in determining the appropriate next steps. This article explores several common reasons why one might experience a burning feeling in their elbow, aiming to provide clarity on this often-unsettling sensation.
Common Causes of Elbow Burning
Nerve compression is a frequent cause of burning sensations, especially involving the ulnar nerve. Cubital tunnel syndrome occurs when the ulnar nerve, which runs through a narrow passage in the elbow, becomes compressed or irritated. This compression can cause burning, numbness, and tingling, extending into the ring and little fingers. Prolonged bending of the elbow or leaning on the elbow can worsen these symptoms.
Tendinitis, or tendon inflammation around the elbow, can cause a burning sensation. Lateral epicondylitis, commonly known as tennis elbow, involves inflammation of outer elbow tendons from repetitive wrist and arm motions. While pain is common, inflammation can also cause burning radiating down the forearm. Similarly, medial epicondylitis, or golfer’s elbow, affects inner elbow tendons and can also cause burning discomfort, particularly with gripping or wrist flexion.
Bursitis, bursa sac inflammation, is another cause of a burning sensation. The olecranon bursa, located at the tip of the elbow, can inflame due to trauma, repetitive pressure, or infection, leading to olecranon bursitis. When inflamed, it can cause localized burning, often with tenderness and visible swelling.
A burning sensation in the elbow can originate from another body part. This phenomenon is known as referred pain. For instance, neck problems, like a pinched nerve, or shoulder issues can send pain signals perceived as elbow burning. The nerve pathways connecting these areas can misinterpret the location of the discomfort.
Certain skin conditions can cause burning around the elbow. Shingles, caused by the varicella-zoster virus, is an example. This condition presents as a painful rash with blisters, and affected skin can experience burning, tingling, or itching. The burning pain from shingles can be severe and may precede the appearance of the rash by several days.
When to Seek Medical Attention
While many causes of elbow burning are manageable, certain symptoms require medical attention. If the burning pain is severe, has a sudden onset, or resulted from a significant injury, seek medical attention promptly. This includes visible deformity or inability to move the arm.
Persistent or worsening numbness, tingling, or weakness in the arm, hand, or fingers, particularly if it spreads, requires medical attention. These symptoms suggest nerve compression or damage requiring diagnosis and treatment. If the burning sensation is accompanied by infection signs like fever, redness, warmth, or pus around the elbow, immediate medical attention is necessary.
Consult a doctor if self-care measures do not improve symptoms within a few days, or if the burning sensation interferes with daily activities. A doctor can diagnose the cause through physical examination and, if necessary, tests. Early diagnosis can lead to more effective treatment.
Immediate Steps for Relief
Immediate relief from a burning elbow can come from several self-care measures. Resting the affected arm is key. Avoid aggravating activities or repetitive motions. Limiting elbow use allows inflamed tissues or irritated nerves to recover.
Applying ice to the affected area can help reduce inflammation and numb the burning. Apply an ice pack, wrapped in a thin cloth, for 15 to 20 minutes at a time, several times daily.
Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as NSAIDs (e.g., ibuprofen or naproxen), can manage pain and reduce inflammation. Follow dosage instructions and consult a pharmacist or doctor for health conditions or other medications.
Gentle movements of the elbow and wrist can prevent stiffness if pain allows, but avoid worsening the burning. Simple, non-resistant range-of-motion exercises are beneficial if they do not cause increased discomfort. Stop immediately if pain increases.
Wearing a supportive brace or compression sleeve around the elbow can provide temporary support and reduce aggravating movement. While not a long-term solution, it offers relief by limiting stress on the affected area. This support is useful during activities that could worsen the burning.