It can be concerning for parents when their baby’s eyes frequently water. This common occurrence often leads to questions about its cause and how to best address it. Fortunately, watery eyes in infants are frequently not a sign of a serious underlying issue. This article will explore the common reasons behind a baby’s watery eyes and provide guidance on appropriate responses.
Common Causes of Watery Eyes
A blocked tear duct, medically known as nasolacrimal duct obstruction, is a frequent cause of watery eyes. This occurs when the tear drainage system, from the eye to the nose, is not fully open. Blocked ducts prevent tears from draining properly, leading to overflow.
The tear duct system can be partially or completely obstructed, often by a thin membrane. This common blockage affects 6% to 20% of newborns. Most cases resolve naturally within the first year as the drainage system matures, with about 90% clearing by age one.
Environmental irritants can also cause temporary watery eyes. Dust, lint, or pet dander can enter the eye, prompting increased tear production to flush out the substance. Exposure to wind or cold air can also stimulate tear glands as a protective reflex.
Mild allergic reactions can also cause watery eyes in infants. Babies can be sensitive to environmental allergens like pollen or dust mites. Watery eyes may be accompanied by subtle signs such as a runny nose or occasional sneezing.
Tearing is a normal physiological reflex in newborns. Infants don’t produce tears until several weeks old, so a blocked tear duct may not be noticeable at birth. The tear drainage system is still developing in the first few weeks, which can lead to noticeable eye watering.
When to Seek Professional Advice
While watery eyes are often benign, seek medical advice for certain signs. An eye infection, or conjunctivitis, is a significant concern. Symptoms include redness in the eye or eyelid, yellow or green pus-like discharge, or crusting around the eyelashes, especially upon waking.
Swelling of the eyelids or increased light sensitivity, where the baby squints or avoids bright areas, also warrant medical attention. These symptoms, particularly with discharge, suggest an active infection requiring treatment. A healthcare provider can diagnose and recommend action.
Persistent eye discomfort or rubbing may suggest a foreign object. If watery eyes accompany consistent fussiness or repeated eye rubbing, have a medical professional examine the eye to ensure nothing is lodged within it.
Seek advice if watery eyes persist for an extended period, such as several weeks, or worsen despite home care. While many cases resolve spontaneously, prolonged watering might indicate a more complex blockage needing medical intervention.
If watery eyes accompany other concerning symptoms like fever, extreme irritability, or a general unwell appearance, contact a doctor. These additional symptoms could suggest a more widespread illness. Early medical evaluation ensures timely care.
Gentle At-Home Management
For mild watery eyes, especially from a blocked tear duct, gentle at-home strategies are beneficial. Regular, gentle eye cleaning prevents irritation. Use a clean, soft cloth dampened with warm water to wipe away tears or discharge around the eye.
Always wipe from the inside corner of the eye, near the nose, outwards. Use a fresh part of the cloth for each wipe to avoid spreading irritants or bacteria.
Tear duct massage is a recommended technique to help open a blocked tear duct. Place a clean finger or cotton swab on the side of your baby’s nose, in the corner of the affected eye. Apply gentle, downward pressure towards the nostril to help dislodge the membrane.
Perform this massage several times daily, during diaper changes or feeding, for 3 to 5 strokes per session. Consistency improves the chances of the duct opening naturally, with about 90% resolution. Always ensure clean hands before touching your baby’s face.
Maintaining good hygiene is important. Always wash hands thoroughly with soap and warm water before handling your baby or touching their eyes. This reduces the risk of infection.
Adjusting the baby’s environment can reduce irritants. Ensure surroundings are free from strong perfumes, aerosol sprays, or tobacco smoke, as these irritate infant eyes. Maintaining a clean living space also minimizes dust and airborne particles that cause temporary eye watering.