When a baby falls ill, a common observation for parents is an increase in sleep. While this change can raise questions, increased rest is often a natural part of the body’s response to illness.
Understanding Why Babies Sleep More When Sick
When a baby is unwell, their body works to combat the infection, which requires energy. Increased sleep allows the body to conserve this energy, directing resources towards the immune system to fight off the illness and recover. This is a natural physiological response aimed at promoting healing.
The immune system also releases signaling molecules called cytokines, such as interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). These cytokines, produced during an inflammatory response, have direct effects on the brain that promote non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. Their levels increase during infection, contributing to heightened sleepiness. Sleep, in turn, boosts the immune system, helping the baby recover more quickly.
Key Signs to Watch For
While extra sleep is often a normal part of recovery, certain accompanying signs can indicate a more serious issue requiring medical attention. This includes difficulty waking the baby or extreme lethargy, where the baby appears limp, drowsy, or unresponsive even when awake. Unlike typical sleep, a lethargic baby may not respond to sounds, light, or touch, and might show little interest in feeding or their surroundings.
Signs of dehydration also warrant concern. These include fewer wet diapers than usual (less than 6 wet diapers in 24 hours or no wet diaper for 6-8 hours), a dry or sticky mouth, a sunken soft spot on the head (fontanelle), sunken eyes, and a lack of tears when crying. Observe for signs of respiratory distress, such as rapid or shallow breathing, flaring nostrils, grunting sounds with each breath, or visible pulling in of the skin between the ribs or at the collarbone (retractions). Bluish discoloration around the lips, fingers, or toes can also indicate breathing difficulties.
Helping Your Baby Rest Comfortably
Ensuring your baby remains well-hydrated is important, even if they are sleeping more. Offer breast milk or formula frequently, or small, frequent sips of oral rehydration solution if recommended by a healthcare professional, especially if there has been vomiting or diarrhea. For babies over six months, small amounts of water can be offered in addition to milk.
Creating a comfortable environment can also support rest. A cool-mist humidifier in the baby’s room can help alleviate nasal congestion and soothe dry nasal passages. Ensure the humidifier is cleaned regularly to prevent mold and bacteria buildup. Offering extra cuddles and maintaining a consistent, quiet sleep routine can also provide comfort and encourage rest.