When emotions become overwhelming, a runny nose often accompanies tears. This common physiological response is a natural consequence of how the body processes and drains excess fluid. Understanding the mechanisms behind this phenomenon reveals the connections between tear production and nasal passages.
Where Tears Come From
Tears originate from the lacrimal glands, almond-sized structures above each eye. These glands continuously produce tears, a complex mixture of water, electrolytes, proteins, lipids, and mucins. Tears serve several purposes, including lubricating the eye’s surface, protecting it from irritants, supplying nutrients, and fighting off bacteria with components like lysozymes and antibodies.
Different types of tears exist, each with distinct functions. Basal tears are always present, maintaining eye lubrication and health. Reflex tears are produced in larger volumes to wash away irritants such as smoke or dust. Emotional tears are triggered by strong feelings and are produced in greater quantity than other types.
The Journey of Tears to Your Nose
Tears drain through a specialized system. In the inner corner of each eye, near the nose, are two tiny openings called puncta, which collect tears from the eye’s surface. From the puncta, tears travel through small tubes called canaliculi.
The canaliculi lead into the lacrimal sac, a small reservoir located between the eye and the nose. From the lacrimal sac, tears flow down a channel known as the nasolacrimal duct, or tear duct. This duct empties directly into the nasal cavity. When a large volume of emotional tears is produced, the drainage system can become overwhelmed, causing excess fluid to spill into the nose and contribute to a runny nose.
Your Nose’s Response
Once tears reach the nasal cavity through the nasolacrimal duct, they mix with the mucus already present. This additional fluid can irritate the lining of the nasal passages, prompting the nasal mucous glands to increase mucus production.
The combination of overflowing tears and newly produced mucus creates the characteristic runny nose associated with crying. This increased fluid volume in the nasal cavity can also contribute to a feeling of congestion, as it may temporarily block airflow. The body attempts to flush out the excess fluid and any potential irritants.
The Brain-Body Connection
The production of emotional tears is linked to the body’s nervous system. Strong emotions, such as sadness or joy, can activate the autonomic nervous system. The parasympathetic branch of this system plays a role.
This parasympathetic activation stimulates the lacrimal glands to produce a large volume of tears. The connection between emotional states and tear production demonstrates how the brain can trigger a physiological response that leads to a runny nose during crying.