A dental crown acts as a cap, restoring a damaged or weakened tooth to its original shape, size, and strength. While crowns are designed for durability, they can unexpectedly become dislodged. Understanding the common causes and what steps to take can help manage the situation effectively.
Common Reasons a Crown Becomes Dislodged
One frequent cause for a crown to come loose is the breakdown of the dental cement that holds it in place. Over time, the adhesive can degrade due to factors like saliva exposure or from the daily forces of chewing, weakening the bond between the crown and the tooth. If the cement was not applied correctly during the initial placement, the crown might also lack a secure attachment from the start.
Underlying tooth decay can also compromise a crown’s stability. While the crown protects the visible portion of the tooth, the tooth structure beneath it remains susceptible to decay, especially if bacteria accumulate in microscopic gaps around the crown’s edges. This decay can weaken the tooth, altering its structure and causing the crown to lose its tight fit and eventually fall off.
An improper initial fit or inadequate tooth preparation can also lead to premature dislodgement. If the crown doesn’t fit precisely, it may not adhere securely, weakening the bond or allowing bacteria to enter.
Excessive biting forces, such as those from teeth grinding (bruxism) or clenching, place undue stress on the crown, potentially leading to wear, chipping, or dislodgement. Habits like chewing on hard or sticky foods can also exert enough force to pull the crown off. Direct trauma or an accident affecting the crowned tooth can also cause it to loosen or break.
Immediate Steps When Your Crown Falls Off
If your dental crown falls off, the first step is to retrieve it carefully to prevent accidental swallowing or inhalation. Once retrieved, gently clean both the inside of the crown and the exposed tooth with warm water. Inspect the crown for any visible damage, such as cracks or chips.
Immediately contact your dentist to schedule an emergency appointment. Prompt attention is important as the underlying tooth is exposed and vulnerable to sensitivity, decay, or damage. While waiting for your appointment, avoid chewing on the affected side of your mouth.
In some cases, your dentist might advise a temporary re-cementation using an over-the-counter dental adhesive available at pharmacies. This is a temporary measure designed to protect the tooth until professional care can be provided. Never attempt to force the crown back on if it doesn’t fit easily, and avoid using household glues, as these are not safe or effective for dental use.
Preventing Future Crown Dislodgement
Good oral hygiene is fundamental to your dental crown’s longevity and preventing dislodgement. Brush your teeth twice daily with a soft-bristled toothbrush and fluoride toothpaste, focusing on the crown’s gumline to prevent plaque and decay. Daily flossing is also important to remove food particles and plaque from around the crown.
Dietary considerations also play a role in protecting your crown. Avoid excessively hard, sticky, or chewy foods like hard candies, nuts, or caramels, as these can exert strong forces that dislodge or damage the crown. If you experience teeth grinding or clenching (bruxism), discuss this with your dentist. A custom-fitted night guard can help protect your crown and natural teeth from the damaging forces of grinding.
Regular dental check-ups are also important for crown maintenance. These visits allow your dentist to assess the crown’s condition, detect early signs of wear or loosening, and address potential issues before they become more serious. Dental crowns are durable, typically lasting between 5 to 15 years with proper care and maintenance.