Pelvic pain while walking refers to discomfort in the lower torso, between the navel and the thighs. This sensation can vary from a mild ache to more severe pain, impacting daily movement. Many individuals experience this symptom, and understanding its origins is important.
Common Reasons for Pelvic Pain While Walking
Pelvic pain during walking often stems from musculoskeletal issues, involving bones, joints, muscles, and ligaments. Sacroiliac joint (SIJ) dysfunction, involving irritation or inflammation in the joints connecting the lower spine to the pelvis, is a common cause. Pain worsens with activities like walking, standing on one leg, or climbing stairs. Dysfunction in the pubic symphysis, the joint at the front of the pelvis, can lead to discomfort and a clicking sensation, especially during weight-bearing activities or when separating the legs.
Osteitis pubis, an inflammation of the pubic symphysis, often causes groin or lower abdominal pain that intensifies with walking or other physical activities. It typically arises from overuse or repetitive stress. Pelvic floor muscle pain, characterized by tension in the muscles supporting the pelvic organs, can also contribute to discomfort that radiates to the lower back or legs, becoming more pronounced with prolonged walking or standing.
For many women, especially during pregnancy, pelvic girdle pain (PGP), also known as symphysis pubis dysfunction (SPD), is a frequent cause. Hormonal changes, like the release of relaxin, can loosen ligaments around pelvic joints, leading to instability and pain in the pubic area, lower back, or thighs. This pain often makes walking, climbing stairs, or getting in and out of a car challenging.
Other conditions can contribute to pelvic pain while walking. Piriformis syndrome involves a spasm or tightening of the piriformis muscle in the buttock, irritating the sciatic nerve. This causes pain, tingling, or numbness that may extend down the leg and worsen with prolonged sitting or walking. Additionally, hip osteoarthritis can refer pain to the pelvis, affecting walking mobility.
When to Seek Professional Help
Recognizing when pelvic pain warrants medical evaluation is important for proper management and to rule out serious underlying issues. If pelvic pain persists or worsens despite rest and self-care measures, or if it significantly limits daily activities, professional medical advice is recommended.
Certain accompanying symptoms indicate prompt medical attention is needed. These include fever, unexplained weight loss, numbness or tingling sensations in the legs, or changes in bowel or bladder function. If the pain began after a fall or accident, or if it impacts quality of life by affecting sleep, mood, or the ability to perform work, consulting a healthcare provider is also advisable.
Understanding How Pelvic Pain is Diagnosed
The diagnostic process for pelvic pain typically begins with a thorough medical history review and a physical examination. The healthcare provider will ask detailed questions about the pain’s onset, duration, intensity, and triggers, and will perform a physical assessment to identify tender areas, evaluate range of motion, and assess joint stability. A pelvic examination may also be conducted to check for tenderness or muscle tension in the pelvic region.
Depending on initial findings, imaging and laboratory tests may be ordered. X-rays provide images of bone structure and joint alignment. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers detailed views of soft tissues like ligaments, muscles, and nerves, without radiation, and is useful for identifying conditions like endometriosis, fibroids, or cysts.
Ultrasound is often a first-choice imaging modality for gynecological or soft tissue problems, as it is non-invasive and does not involve radiation. Blood and urine tests may also check for infections or other contributing conditions. In some cases, a referral to specialists like a physical therapist or an orthopedic specialist may be part of the diagnostic and treatment plan.
Strategies for Relief and Management
Managing pelvic pain when walking often involves a combination of self-care and professional interventions. Simple self-care measures can provide relief. Resting and modifying activities that worsen the pain, such as prolonged standing, climbing stairs, or running, can help reduce strain on the affected areas. Applying ice or heat to the painful region, or alternating between the two, may also help alleviate discomfort.
Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as NSAIDs (ibuprofen or naproxen) or acetaminophen, can temporarily reduce pain and inflammation. For some, especially pregnant women, supportive devices like maternity belts or compression garments may offer additional stability and comfort. Maintaining good posture during daily activities, including walking, sitting, and standing, can also ease musculoskeletal pain.
Professional interventions can provide targeted relief and long-term management. Physical therapy is often recommended, focusing on strengthening core muscles, improving pelvic stability, and correcting movement patterns. Therapists may use manual techniques and prescribe specific exercises, including pelvic floor exercises and stretches, to improve flexibility and function. In some instances, a doctor might prescribe stronger pain relievers or muscle relaxants. Targeted injections, such as corticosteroids, may be considered for localized pain relief. Lifestyle adjustments, including maintaining a healthy weight and staying active within pain limits, further contribute to pain management.