Pure gold is odorless and does not react with air, moisture, or skin to produce a scent. Any perceived smell from gold jewelry originates from other factors, primarily the non-gold metals it is combined with. Understanding these underlying reasons can clarify why your gold item might carry a distinct aroma.
The Truth About Gold and Its Alloys
Pure gold, known as 24-karat gold, is exceptionally soft and malleable, making it impractical for durable items like jewelry. To enhance its strength, durability, and sometimes alter its color, gold is almost always mixed with other metals, forming what are called gold alloys. Common metals used in these alloys include copper, silver, nickel, zinc, palladium, and iron. For instance, 18-karat gold contains 75% pure gold, while the remaining 25% consists of these other metals.
Why Your Gold Item Might Smell
The metallic smell from gold alloys typically arises from chemical reactions involving the non-gold components. Skin chemistry plays a significant role; sweat, natural oils, perfumes, and lotions can react with base metals like copper or nickel present in the alloy. This interaction can cause oxidation or other chemical changes, releasing volatile compounds that are perceived as a metallic odor. The compounds people smell are often aldehydes and ketones, which result from the metal-induced oxidation of skin lipids.
Alloy metals can undergo corrosion or oxidation over time, especially in humid environments or when exposed to certain chemicals. This process can lead to the formation of new compounds on the metal’s surface, contributing to a distinct smell. External contaminants also play a part, as residues from cleaning products, soaps, or environmental pollutants can cling to the metal. These residues can then interact with the alloys, further intensifying any odor.
Keeping Your Gold Odor-Free
Regular cleaning is a practical step to prevent or remove metallic odors from your gold items. Gently clean jewelry with mild dish soap and warm water, then rinse thoroughly and dry completely with a soft, lint-free cloth. This routine helps remove accumulated skin oils, sweat, and product residues that react with alloy metals. For deeper cleaning, use a paste of baking soda and water, or a diluted vinegar solution, applied gently with a soft toothbrush.
Proper storage also minimizes odor development by reducing exposure to factors that promote oxidation. Store gold jewelry in a cool, dry place, ideally in a fabric-lined box or soft pouch, away from direct sunlight and humidity. This prevents tangling and scratching, while also limiting air exposure and moisture that can accelerate reactions in the alloys. Removing gold items before swimming, cleaning with harsh chemicals, or applying lotions and perfumes can also prevent adverse reactions and odors.
Is Your Gold Genuine?
The presence of a metallic smell does not automatically mean your gold item is fake. Genuine gold jewelry typically has hallmarks or stamps, such as “10K,” “14K,” “18K,” or “750,” which indicate the percentage of pure gold content. For example, “750” signifies 75% pure gold, equivalent to 18 karats. If significant doubts about authenticity persist, particularly if the smell is accompanied by skin discoloration or other unusual signs, consulting a professional jeweler for an assessment is advisable.