The fishbone cactus, or Epiphyllum anguliger, is a popular houseplant known for its distinctive zig-zagging, flattened stems that resemble a fish skeleton. Owners often notice roots emerging from its stems, above the soil. These growths are known as aerial roots, and understanding their presence is key to appreciating this plant’s natural behavior.
Understanding Fishbone Cactus Aerial Roots
Aerial roots are specialized structures that grow above the soil line, often from the plant’s stems or nodes. Unlike typical underground roots, these are adapted for a life outside the potting mix. The fishbone cactus is an epiphyte, meaning that in its natural habitat, the rainforests of Mexico, it grows on other plants like trees for physical support. This epiphytic nature explains why aerial roots are a normal part of its growth.
These roots serve several important functions. They primarily act as anchors, allowing the plant to cling firmly to tree branches or other structures, providing stability. Aerial roots also absorb moisture and nutrients directly from humid air, rainwater, and decaying organic matter. They facilitate propagation, allowing the plant to spread and establish new growth as segments with aerial roots find new surfaces to root.
Managing Fishbone Cactus Aerial Roots
Observing aerial roots on your fishbone cactus is not a cause for concern; it is a natural characteristic of this epiphytic plant. The best approach is to leave them, as they are harmless and part of the plant’s healthy development. Cutting them off is unnecessary and provides no significant benefit to the plant’s overall health, though it will not harm the plant if done carefully.
For those who prefer a tidier appearance or to support the plant further, there are a few management options. If the aerial roots are long and reach the soil, they can be gently tucked into the potting mix, where they may root and provide additional stability. In environments with lower humidity, misting the aerial roots can help them absorb moisture from the air, mimicking their natural humid habitat. Aerial roots can also be a convenient starting point for propagating new plants; sections with existing aerial roots can be cut and rooted more readily.
Aerial Roots and Overall Plant Health
While the presence of aerial roots is normal, their abundance or appearance can offer clues about the plant’s environmental conditions. An increased number of aerial roots suggests the plant is seeking additional moisture, indicating a need for higher ambient humidity. Fishbone cacti thrive in warm, humid conditions, similar to their rainforest origins, so ensuring humidity levels above 60% is beneficial.
If the plant is consistently underwatered, aerial roots may extend more actively to find moisture from the surrounding air. If the plant is becoming large or leggy, aerial roots can emerge as the plant seeks additional support or something to anchor onto. Paying attention to these cues helps optimize watering practices and provide adequate support, contributing to the overall well-being of your fishbone cactus.