Fiddle Leaf Figs (Ficus lyrata) have become a favored houseplant, known for their striking, broad leaves. Owners often notice unique root structures emerging from the stems or trunk, which can cause some confusion. These structures, called aerial roots, are a natural occurrence for Fiddle Leaf Figs and are generally not a cause for concern. Understanding these roots helps in providing the best care for your plant.
What Are Fiddle Leaf Fig Aerial Roots?
Aerial roots are roots that grow above the ground, unlike subterranean roots that anchor a plant and absorb water and nutrients from the soil. Aerial roots are visible, extending into the air. They can appear on various plants, including other Ficus species, orchids, and ivies.
For Fiddle Leaf Figs, these roots serve several functions in their native tropical environments. They assist in physically supporting the plant as it grows larger and taller, often anchoring to other trees or structures. Additionally, aerial roots can absorb moisture directly from the humid air, supplementing water intake and facilitating gas exchange.
Why Fiddle Leaf Figs Develop Aerial Roots
Fiddle Leaf Figs develop aerial roots as a natural response to their environment, mimicking conditions found in their native tropical habitats in western and central Africa. In these settings, the plants grow tall and often require additional support to stabilize themselves among other trees. The presence of aerial roots helps the plant to find this support and access available nutrients.
Indoor conditions can trigger aerial root growth, often influenced by humidity levels. Higher humidity can encourage the plant to produce these roots as it attempts to absorb moisture from the surrounding air. Light conditions also play a role; bright, indirect light, which mirrors their natural environment, can facilitate this type of root development. Furthermore, a plant that is mature or has filled its pot might produce aerial roots as it seeks additional space or nutrients, though this is not a definitive sign of being root-bound.
To Prune or Not: Managing Fiddle Leaf Fig Aerial Roots
If you notice aerial roots on your Fiddle Leaf Fig, simply leaving them untouched is often the best approach. They can even contribute to its stability and nutrient uptake. These roots may eventually grow downwards and integrate into the soil, further assisting the plant.
Pruning can be considered for aesthetic reasons or if the roots become unwieldy. If you choose to prune, use clean, sharp scissors or pruning shears and cut the roots close to the main stem, being careful not to damage the plant. Avoid cutting thick, woody aerial roots that provide structural support. After pruning, keeping the cut area dry aids healing.
Common Concerns About Aerial Roots
The appearance of aerial roots on a Fiddle Leaf Fig is a sign of a healthy, maturing plant, not stress or disease. They are a normal part of the plant’s growth habit. These roots are not harmful to the plant and do not negatively affect its health.
While aerial roots are generally a positive sign, their presence or abundance can indicate environmental factors. For instance, many aerial roots could suggest the plant is responding to higher humidity or seeking additional moisture. However, observing aerial roots alone is not a primary diagnostic tool for plant health issues; they are a natural characteristic for these plants.