Many people experience tears forming in their eyes when they yawn, a common and often puzzling bodily response. This involuntary reaction can leave individuals wondering about the connection between these two seemingly unrelated actions.
The Mechanics of Tears During Yawning
The production and expulsion of tears during a yawn are primarily due to the physical forces exerted on the tear-producing and drainage systems of the eye. Tears originate in the lacrimal glands, which are almond-shaped structures located above the outer corner of each eye, beneath the eyebrows. These glands continuously produce tears to keep the eye lubricated and healthy.
During a yawn, the powerful contraction of facial muscles exerts pressure on these lacrimal glands. This muscular squeezing can stimulate the glands to release a larger volume of tears than usual. Simultaneously, the facial muscle contractions can also temporarily compress or close off the tear drainage system.
This system includes tiny openings on the inner corners of the eyelids, which lead into small canals and a duct that drains into the nose. When tear production increases and drainage is temporarily impeded, the excess tears have nowhere to go but to well up in the eyes and spill over. As the yawn concludes and facial muscles relax, the pressure on the lacrimal glands lessens and the drainage pathways reopen, allowing the accumulated tears to drain normally. This mechanical process explains why tears often accompany a wide, forceful yawn.
The Role and Types of Tears
Tears serve several important functions beyond simply moistening the eyes; they are essential for maintaining eye health and clear vision. There are three primary types of tears, each with a distinct purpose. Basal tears are produced constantly in small amounts to lubricate the eye, protect the cornea, and provide nutrients, acting as a continuous shield against dust and debris.
Reflex tears are produced in larger quantities in response to irritants, such as smoke, foreign particles, or even the strong stimuli from chopping onions. Their purpose is to flush out harmful substances and protect the eye from potential damage. Emotional tears, triggered by strong feelings like joy, sadness, or stress, are believed to contain different chemical compositions, including stress hormones.
Tears produced during yawning are primarily an overflow of basal tears or a form of reflex tearing. They are a mechanical response to the pressure and stimulation of the eye’s structures, rather than an emotional outpouring. Regardless of their type, tears play a crucial role in maintaining ocular surface health, cleansing the eye, and providing a smooth optical surface for clear sight.
When to Seek Medical Advice
Occasional tearing during yawning is a normal physiological response and typically no cause for concern. However, if tearing becomes consistently excessive, painful, or is accompanied by other symptoms, it may warrant medical attention. It is advisable to consult a healthcare professional if you experience persistent watery eyes along with vision changes, pain around the eyes, or the sensation of something being in your eye.
You should also seek medical advice if tearing is accompanied by redness, irritation, unusual discharge, or if there is a complete absence of tearing when expected. These symptoms could indicate an underlying issue that might require diagnosis and treatment.