Squirrels are sometimes seen stretched out flat on the ground, a tree branch, or a patio. This behavior, informally called “splooting,” involves extending their limbs forward and backward. While it might appear concerning, this posture is a natural and common behavior for squirrels, serving several purposes.
The Primary Reason: Cooling Down
The primary reason squirrels adopt this flattened posture is to regulate their body temperature, particularly during warmer periods. This behavior is known as “heat dumping.” Squirrels, like many mammals, need effective ways to dissipate excess body heat because they do not sweat efficiently. They intentionally press their less-furred bellies against cooler surfaces.
The underside of a squirrel’s body has thinner fur and more superficial blood vessels. By maximizing contact with a cooler surface, such as shaded pavement, a cool rock, or even damp ground, heat from the squirrel’s blood vessels can transfer away from its body. This process helps them reduce their overall body temperature and prevent overheating. The more of their body surface area in contact with the cooler material, the more effective this heat exchange becomes.
Other Explanations and Misconceptions
While cooling is the most frequent explanation for a squirrel lying flat, other reasons can also contribute to this behavior. Squirrels might stretch out to relax their muscles or simply find a comfortable resting position. This extended posture can also aid in camouflage, allowing them to blend more effectively with surfaces like tree bark to avoid detection by potential predators. In cooler weather, squirrels might also lie flat on a sun-warmed surface to absorb heat, effectively sunbathing to raise their body temperature.
A common misconception is that a squirrel lying flat is sick, injured, or in distress. However, splooting itself is a normal and healthy behavior. Signs that a squirrel might genuinely be in distress differ from this natural posture. These signs include visible injuries, limping, labored or open-mouthed breathing, unresponsive behavior, a hunched posture, or discharge from the eyes or nose. A squirrel that is simply splooting for comfort or cooling will remain alert and responsive to its surroundings.
How to Observe and What Not to Do
If you observe a squirrel lying flat, leave it undisturbed. This behavior is a natural coping mechanism, especially in warm conditions, and interfering can cause unnecessary stress. Approaching the animal might prompt it to expend energy by fleeing, counteracting its efforts to cool down or rest.
Unless there are clear signs of distress, such as visible injury or unresponsiveness, do not attempt to “help” the squirrel by moving it or offering food or water. Observe wildlife from a respectful distance to allow them to carry out natural behaviors without human intervention. This supports the animal’s well-being and maintains a safe environment for both the squirrel and the observer.