Experiencing a burning sensation in your gums while brushing your teeth can be an unsettling experience. This discomfort, manifesting as stinging or burning, can signal underlying issues that warrant attention.
Common Causes of Burning Gums
One frequent cause of gum burning is overly aggressive brushing. Applying too much pressure or using a toothbrush with hard bristles can irritate gum tissue. This forceful technique can also lead to gum recession, exposing sensitive tooth roots. Improper brushing angles or motions can further contribute to gum damage.
Gingivitis, the earliest stage of gum disease, is another common culprit. When plaque and bacteria accumulate on teeth, they irritate the gums, making them red, swollen, and sensitive. These inflamed gums are more prone to bleeding and can burn when brushed.
Sensitivity to certain toothpaste ingredients can cause burning. Some individuals react to components like sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), a foaming agent, or strong flavorings. SLS, for instance, can strip away the protective layer of saliva, leading to dryness and irritation.
Other Contributing Factors
Other factors can contribute to or worsen burning gums. Dry mouth, also known as xerostomia, can make gums more vulnerable to irritation. A lack of saliva reduces the mouth’s natural ability to rinse away bacteria and neutralize acids, increasing the risk of gum issues.
Certain medications can also cause dry mouth as a side effect, leading to gum irritation and burning. Some drugs, including certain antidepressants, antihistamines, and blood pressure medications, have been linked to burning mouth sensations.
Nutritional deficiencies can impact gum health, making them susceptible to sensitivity. For example, a lack of Vitamin C can lead to weakened gums that are prone to inflammation and bleeding. Deficiencies in B vitamins can also affect the health of oral tissues.
Oral thrush, a fungal infection caused by Candida fungus, can cause a burning sensation. This condition often presents with white patches on the tongue and inner cheeks, accompanied by discomfort.
When to Seek Professional Dental Care
Seek professional dental care if the burning sensation in your gums persists despite changes in brushing habits or oral care products. Consult a dentist if the burning is accompanied by other symptoms, including bleeding gums, swelling, or receding gums.
Other signs warranting a dental visit include loose teeth, persistent bad breath, or visible sores, lesions, or white patches. If the pain or discomfort interferes with eating or speaking, or if you suspect a systemic condition or medication side effect, a professional evaluation is recommended. Early detection and treatment can prevent more serious complications.
Steps for Relief and Prevention
To alleviate gum burning and prevent recurrence, improve your brushing technique. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush and apply gentle, circular motions rather than aggressive scrubbing. Many dentists recommend electric toothbrushes, which often have pressure sensors to prevent over-brushing.
Choose appropriate oral care products. Switch to mild, fluoride toothpaste that does not contain harsh abrasives or strong flavorings, especially if you suspect sensitivity to ingredients like SLS. Maintaining excellent oral hygiene is fundamental, including brushing twice daily and flossing once a day to effectively remove plaque.
Staying hydrated is important, particularly if dry mouth is a factor. Drinking plenty of water helps maintain saliva production, which is a natural defense against bacteria. Regular dental check-ups are also important for professional cleaning and early detection of any underlying issues.