Eyelashes protect the eyes, but when one gets into the eye, it can cause irritation and discomfort. Understanding why this happens and how to address it can help manage this common issue.
The Normal Cycle and Occasional Intrusions
Eyelashes protect the eyes from dust and debris, acting as filters and aiding lubrication during blinking. Like all body hair, eyelashes follow a natural growth and shedding cycle, typically lasting about three months. This cycle consists of three phases: active growth (anagen), transition (catagen), and resting/shedding (telogen). It is normal for a few eyelashes to fall out daily. Occasionally, a shedding lash may find its way into the eye, causing temporary discomfort.
Common Reasons for Recurring Eyelash Troubles
While occasional eyelash intrusions are normal, frequent occurrences can indicate underlying conditions or habits. Trichiasis, where eyelashes grow inwards, is one cause. These misdirected lashes rub against the cornea or conjunctiva, often due to eye infections, injuries, or aging. Symptoms include a foreign body sensation, redness, tearing, and light sensitivity.
Eyelid issues also play a role. Blepharitis, an eyelid inflammation, can lead to eyelash problems like misdirected growth or lash loss. This condition often results from clogged oil glands or bacterial overgrowth, causing redness, irritation, and crusting. Entropion involves the eyelid turning inward, causing all the eyelashes to rub against the eye. Ectropion, where the eyelid turns outward, exposes the eye, making it more susceptible to irritants.
External factors and daily habits also influence how often eyelashes bother the eye. Frequent eye rubbing can dislodge lashes. Improper makeup application or removal, particularly with mascara, can cause lashes to break or fall out. Eyelash extensions can lead to irritation, adhesive allergies, or blepharitis if applied improperly or without proper hygiene. Dry eyes, wind, and dust can also dislodge lashes or make their presence more irritating.
Immediate Steps and When to Seek Help
When an eyelash enters the eye, take immediate steps to remove it safely. First, wash hands thoroughly to prevent introducing bacteria. Then, try blinking repeatedly, as natural tears can flush out the eyelash. If blinking is not effective, rinse the eye with clean, lukewarm water or artificial tears to dislodge the lash. Tilting the head to the side while pouring water into the inner corner of the eye can help it drain effectively.
If the eyelash is visible, a clean, damp cotton swab can gently brush it away, taking care not to poke or press the eye. Avoid rubbing the eye, as this can push the eyelash deeper or scratch the cornea. Never use sharp objects like tweezers directly on the eye.
Seeking professional medical attention is important if the irritation persists or if other concerning symptoms develop. These signs include an eyelash trapped for more than several hours, persistent redness and tearing after removal, green or yellow discharge, bleeding from the eye, or changes in vision. These symptoms could indicate an infection, corneal abrasion, or a more serious eye condition requiring medical intervention.
Strategies for Prevention
Implementing proactive measures can reduce the frequency of eyelashes getting into the eye. Maintaining proper eye hygiene is a fundamental step. Gently cleansing the eyelids and lash line daily with a mild, hypoallergenic eyelid cleanser or diluted baby shampoo can remove accumulated dirt, oil, and debris. This practice helps prevent conditions like blepharitis, which can contribute to lash problems.
Careful and gentle makeup application and removal are also important. Always remove eye makeup thoroughly before sleeping, especially mascara, to prevent residue from clogging hair follicles and causing irritation. Using a gentle, eye-safe makeup remover and avoiding harsh scrubbing can protect the delicate lashes and skin around the eyes. For those who use eyelash extensions, it is essential to ensure they are applied by a qualified professional and to follow proper cleaning instructions to avoid irritation or infections.
Avoiding excessive eye rubbing is another simple yet effective preventive strategy, as rubbing can dislodge lashes and cause irritation. If underlying conditions like dry eyes or allergies are present, managing these with appropriate treatments can also reduce general eye irritation and the likelihood of eyelash intrusions. Regular eye check-ups with an eye care professional are beneficial, especially if recurring issues or persistent symptoms are experienced, allowing for early diagnosis and management of any contributing factors.