Itchy ears can be an unexpected and uncomfortable symptom when experiencing a cold. While often a temporary annoyance, this sensation is common during an upper respiratory infection. Understanding why this ear itch occurs can help manage discomfort.
The Link Between Colds and Ear Itch
Colds, viral upper respiratory infections, often cause an irritating itch within the ears. This connection lies with the Eustachian tubes, which link the middle ear to the back of the throat. These tubes equalize air pressure and drain fluid, protecting the ear from viruses and bacteria.
During a cold, inflammation and congestion in the nasal passages and throat often extend to the Eustachian tubes, causing swelling and blockage. When blocked, these tubes cannot equalize pressure or drain fluid. Blockage and pressure changes can lead to fullness, congestion, or muffled hearing.
The irritation and inflammation within the ear canal and middle ear tissues, caused by the cold virus and accumulated fluid, are perceived as an itching sensation. This can sometimes progress to an ear infection if bacteria grow in the trapped fluid.
Finding Relief for Itchy Ears
Relief for itchy ears during a cold involves addressing underlying congestion and irritation. Over-the-counter (OTC) medications for cold symptoms can help, including oral antihistamines like fexofenadine or loratadine, reducing the body’s inflammatory response, and decongestants that clear nasal and Eustachian tube congestion.
Steam inhalation alleviates congestion. Breathing steam from hot water or during a warm shower moistens nasal passages and helps open clogged Eustachian tubes, facilitating drainage and easing pressure. Resting and staying well-hydrated are important for cold recovery, which helps resolve ear symptoms.
While some OTC ear drops soothe itching, use them cautiously and only for external ear canal dryness or irritation. Avoid inserting cotton swabs or any other objects into the ear canal, as this can push earwax deeper, damage delicate skin, or lead to infection. If earwax buildup is suspected, a healthcare professional can safely remove it.
When to Consult a Healthcare Provider
While itchy ears during a cold are typically harmless and resolve as the cold subsides, certain symptoms warrant medical attention. Consult a healthcare provider if ear itching is accompanied by severe pain, especially if it persists or worsens.
Other signs needing professional evaluation include ear discharge (yellow, brown, or white), a change in hearing (muffled sounds or new hearing loss). Fever lasting more than four days, dizziness, or balance issues alongside ear symptoms also prompt a doctor’s visit. These symptoms might suggest a developing ear infection or a more significant issue requiring treatment.