Denture discomfort is a common concern for many individuals who rely on them for daily function and appearance. Understanding the underlying reasons behind this pain is the first step toward finding effective relief and ensuring lasting oral comfort. Addressing the root cause of discomfort can significantly improve the quality of life for denture wearers.
Why Your Dentures Might Be Hurting
Denture pain often stems from issues related to their fit within the mouth. Dentures that are either too loose or too tight can create pressure points on the gums, leading to rubbing, irritation, and the development of painful sores. The jawbone naturally changes shape over time through a process called bone resorption, where the bone supporting the dentures gradually shrinks, which can cause previously well-fitting dentures to become ill-fitting and uncomfortable. This means dentures may require periodic adjustments or replacement to maintain a proper fit.
Underlying oral health conditions can also contribute significantly to denture-related pain. Uneven pressure distribution or rough edges on the denture can cause localized sore spots on the gum tissue. Additionally, inflammatory conditions like stomatitis, a common yeast infection that often appears as redness and inflammation under the denture, can cause widespread discomfort. Cracks at the corners of the mouth, known as angular cheilitis, can also be exacerbated or caused by denture issues, leading to pain and irritation.
Existing or developing gum disease can be aggravated by the presence of dentures, creating a cycle of inflammation and pain. Although less common, some individuals may experience allergic reactions to the materials used in denture fabrication, such as certain acrylics. Such reactions can manifest as redness, swelling, and itching of the oral tissues in contact with the denture material. Identifying these issues is important for targeted treatment.
Certain denture care habits can inadvertently lead to gum pain and irritation. Wearing dentures continuously without removal deprives the gum tissues of necessary rest and exposure to saliva, which can lead to inflammation and make them more susceptible to irritation. Poor hygiene practices, such as inadequate cleaning of dentures, allow food particles, bacteria, and plaque to accumulate on the denture surfaces. This buildup can irritate gums and create an environment for infections.
Consuming hard or sticky foods can also contribute to denture pain. These types of foods can dislodge dentures, causing them to rub against the gums or place excessive, uneven pressure on specific areas. The constant shifting and pressure from eating challenging foods can exacerbate existing sore spots or create new ones, making mealtimes uncomfortable. Careful food choices and chewing techniques can minimize this pain.
What to Do When Dentures Hurt
When experiencing denture pain, some temporary measures can offer immediate relief. Gently cleaning the dentures and rinsing your mouth with warm salt water can help soothe irritated tissues and reduce inflammation. Over-the-counter pain relievers, available without a prescription, may also help manage discomfort temporarily; however, it is always advisable to consult a healthcare professional or pharmacist before taking any new medication. These home remedies are intended for short-term relief and do not address the underlying cause of the pain.
Often, minor adjustments to the dentures can resolve pain by relieving pressure points. A dentist can precisely modify the denture’s shape to improve its fit and eliminate areas of irritation. If the fit is significantly compromised due to changes in the jawbone, a reline, which involves adding new material to the denture base, or a rebase, which replaces the entire base, might be necessary. In some cases, if the dentures are old or severely ill-fitting, new dentures may be the most effective solution for achieving lasting comfort.
It is important to seek professional dental attention if pain persists or if other concerning symptoms develop. Signs that warrant a dental visit include persistent discomfort, the presence of visible sores that do not heal, swelling, redness, bleeding gums, or difficulty eating. Attempting to adjust dentures at home using tools or abrasive materials is not recommended, as this can cause irreversible damage to the dentures and potentially harm the oral tissues. A dentist can accurately diagnose the problem and provide appropriate, safe solutions.
Maintaining Denture Comfort Long-Term
Regular dental check-ups are important for individuals who wear dentures, even if they no longer have natural teeth. These routine visits, typically recommended annually, allow a dentist to assess the overall health of the oral tissues and check for any signs of irritation, infection, or other issues. During these appointments, the dentist can also evaluate the fit and condition of the dentures, providing professional cleaning or making necessary adjustments to ensure ongoing comfort.
Proper daily care of dentures is a fundamental aspect of maintaining long-term comfort and oral health. This involves brushing dentures with a soft-bristled brush and a non-abrasive denture cleaner to remove food particles and plaque. Soaking dentures in a cleaning solution, as recommended by a dentist or manufacturer, also helps in disinfection and preventing bacterial buildup. Rinsing dentures thoroughly after cleaning and before reinsertion is important to remove any residual cleaning solution.
Removing dentures overnight provides the gum tissues with an opportunity to rest and recover from the pressure exerted by the denture throughout the day. This practice helps prevent irritation and reduces the risk of developing oral infections like stomatitis. Allowing the gums to breathe and receive proper blood circulation contributes significantly to their long-term health and resilience.
A balanced diet also plays a role in maintaining denture comfort. While dentures are designed for chewing, avoiding excessively hard or sticky foods can minimize stress on the gums and prevent denture displacement. Opting for softer, nutrient-rich foods can reduce the likelihood of developing sore spots or dislodging dentures during meals.