Mourning doves are a familiar sight and sound in many backyards, recognized by their soft cooing and graceful appearance. Their presence often piques human curiosity, especially when observed sitting on the ground. This common behavior can appear unusual, prompting questions about its purpose.
Common Reasons for Ground Sitting
Mourning doves spend time on the ground for several natural reasons. Foraging for food is a primary activity. As granivores, doves eat seeds typically found on the ground. They pick up seeds, storing them in an esophageal pouch called a crop, allowing them to quickly gather seeds before flying to a safer perch for digestion.
Dust bathing is another common ground behavior. Doves ruffle their feathers in dry soil or sand, vigorously moving their bodies and wings. This helps maintain feather quality by removing excess oils and deterring external parasites.
Mourning doves also engage in sunbathing, often lying flat with one wing outstretched to maximize sun exposure. This behavior aids in digestion and Vitamin D production, essential for health. They may also rest on the ground, especially in sheltered spots, though they prefer elevated roosts for sleeping.
Signs of Distress or Vulnerability
While ground sitting is often normal, certain behaviors can indicate distress or vulnerability. Visible injuries, such as a drooping wing or limping, suggest a problem. A sick dove might appear lethargic, have ruffled or puffed-up feathers, or exhibit unusual breathing patterns. Changes in eating or drinking habits, or abnormal droppings, can also be signs of illness.
Young mourning doves, known as fledglings, commonly spend time on the ground as they learn to fly. These birds are fully feathered but may still be clumsy, hopping and fluttering rather than flying proficiently. Their parents typically remain nearby, continuing to feed and care for them during this stage. Sometimes, a dove might be temporarily stunned, perhaps from hitting a window, or hiding from a predator, leading to a brief period of immobility.
What to Do When You See a Grounded Dove
If you encounter a grounded mourning dove, observing its behavior from a distance is the first step. Many instances of ground sitting are part of the bird’s natural routine, such as foraging or bathing, and do not require intervention. If the bird appears healthy and active, even if it’s a fledgling, it is best to leave it undisturbed, as its parents are likely still caring for it.
Intervention is warranted only if there are clear signs of injury, illness, or if the bird is a very young, unfeathered nestling that has fallen from a nest. In such cases, contact a local wildlife rehabilitator for guidance. Avoid attempting to care for the bird yourself, as wild animals have specific needs difficult to meet without professional expertise, and improper care can cause more harm. If you must handle an injured bird, wear disposable gloves and place it gently into a secure, dark, quiet container until professional help can be obtained.