Many people develop canker sores following dental procedures, leading to discomfort and questions about their origin. Several factors related to the dental visit can contribute to these small, painful mouth ulcers.
Understanding Canker Sores
Canker sores, also known as aphthous ulcers, are small, round or oval lesions that develop inside the mouth. They typically feature a white or yellowish center surrounded by a distinct red border. These sores commonly appear on the soft tissues of the mouth, such as the inside of the lips, cheeks, tongue, or at the base of the gums.
While they can be quite painful and make eating or talking uncomfortable, canker sores are not contagious. They differ from cold sores, which are caused by a virus and usually appear outside the mouth. Canker sores usually heal on their own within one to two weeks, though some larger or more complex cases may take longer.
Direct Trauma from Dental Procedures
Mechanical trauma during a dental procedure frequently triggers canker sore development. Even minor injuries to delicate oral tissues can lead to these ulcers, such as accidental nicks or scrapes from dental instruments during cleaning, drilling, or extractions.
Pressure from suction tips, prolonged contact with cotton rolls, or cheek retractors can irritate mucous membranes. Sustained stretching or pulling of mouth tissues during longer appointments may also contribute to tissue damage, disrupting the oral lining and creating an environment conducive to canker sore formation.
Stress and Immune System Influence
Dental visits can induce physiological stress, impacting the body’s systems. Anxiety about a procedure, discomfort during treatment, or a lengthy appointment can elevate stress levels. This emotional and physical stress can affect the immune system.
Stress can temporarily suppress or alter the immune response, increasing susceptibility to canker sores. Hormonal changes, such as increased cortisol release, can contribute to this weakened state. This altered immune function, combined with increased inflammation, can foster an environment where canker sores are more likely to develop.
Material Sensitivity and Post-Procedure Environment
Certain dental materials or changes in the oral environment after a procedure can contribute to canker sores. Some individuals may have sensitivities or reactions to specific ingredients in substances used during treatment, including sulfites in local anesthetics or chemicals in etching gels and impression materials.
The acidity of some rinses or solutions applied during or after a procedure might irritate oral tissues. Temporary alterations in the oral microbiome or transient dryness of the mouth can also create conditions that favor canker sore development. These factors collectively contribute to the post-procedure oral environment that can lead to these ulcers.