New parents often feel concerned when their baby’s hands shake. These movements, often described as tremors or jitters, are a common sight in newborns and typically do not indicate a serious underlying condition. Understanding the common reasons can help alleviate parental anxiety.
Common Reasons for Infant Hand Tremors
Infant hand tremors often stem from their developing nervous system. Newborns’ brains are still maturing, which can result in shaky movements, particularly during the first couple of months of life. As the baby grows and their nervous system becomes more coordinated, these movements generally become smoother and less frequent.
The startle reflex, also known as the Moro reflex, is another common cause. This involuntary response occurs when a baby is surprised by a loud noise or a sudden movement, causing them to extend their arms and legs before bringing them back towards their body. This reflex is a normal part of neurological development and typically diminishes by 3 to 6 months of age.
Babies may also exhibit tremors if they are cold or experiencing discomfort, as their bodies react to environmental changes. Normal jitters can also be observed when a baby is excited, hungry, or crying. These movements are usually brief, symmetrical, and can be stopped by gently holding the baby’s hand or repositioning them.
When Shaking May Signal a Problem
While many instances of infant hand shaking are benign, some situations warrant closer attention. Hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, can cause shakiness, irritability, and a blue tint to the skin. Babies with hypoglycemia might also show lethargy, poor feeding, or trouble breathing. This condition requires prompt medical evaluation to prevent complications.
Drug withdrawal, also known as Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS), can also manifest as tremors in newborns exposed to certain substances during pregnancy. Symptoms of withdrawal can include irritability, high-pitched crying, and difficulty sleeping, often appearing within the first 24 to 72 hours after birth, though sometimes later.
Seizures represent another potential cause for concern. Unlike normal jitters, seizures are often accompanied by unresponsiveness, unusual eye movements like staring or deviation, or rhythmic movements that are difficult or impossible to stop. Infections or fever can also lead to shivering or trembling as the body attempts to regulate its temperature. Persistent or worsening tremors in this context could signal a larger health problem.
How to Tell the Difference
Distinguishing between normal infant tremors and those that may signal a problem involves observing several key characteristics. Normal tremors often happen when a baby is crying, startled, or excited, whereas concerning shaking might appear unexpectedly or when the baby is calm. Typical jitters are brief, lasting only a few seconds, while problematic tremors may persist for longer periods.
Normal tremors can usually be halted by gently holding the baby’s hand or repositioning them. Movements associated with seizures, however, generally cannot be stopped by physical restraint.
Normal shaking rarely comes with other signs of distress, but concerning tremors may be accompanied by changes in breathing, skin color (such as blueness or paleness), unresponsiveness, lethargy, or unusual eye movements. Consider the symmetry of the movements: normal jitters are often symmetrical, affecting both hands equally, whereas some concerning conditions might cause shaking in only one limb or one side of the body.
When to Consult a Doctor
Consult a medical professional if a baby’s hand shaking does not stop when gently touched or repositioned. This inability to cease the movement can be a sign that the tremors are not merely benign jitters. Seeking medical attention is also important if the shaking is accompanied by other concerning symptoms. These might include fever, lethargy, difficulty breathing, changes in skin color, unresponsiveness, or unusual eye movements like prolonged staring or deviation.
Any instance where the shaking becomes more frequent or intense over time should prompt a medical evaluation. Even if the shaking does not perfectly fit specific “red flag” criteria, significant parental concern is always a valid reason to seek professional medical advice. Recording a video of the suspected movements can be very helpful for the doctor in making an accurate assessment.