The name “turtle dove” often sparks curiosity, leading many to mistakenly connect it with the shelled reptile. This common misconception highlights a fascinating origin story behind the bird’s designation. Unraveling the true meaning behind its name reveals a blend of ancient linguistic roots and the bird’s distinctive natural characteristics.
The “Turtle” in Turtle Dove
The “turtle” in turtle dove has no relation to the aquatic or terrestrial reptile. Instead, this part of the name is an onomatopoeia, directly imitating the bird’s unique vocalization. The turtle dove produces a distinctive purring or cooing call, often described as a soft “turr-turr” or “tur-tle tur-tle” sound. This characteristic vocalization has been recognized for centuries, influencing the bird’s naming across various cultures.
Historically, the term traces its roots back to Old English “turtla” and Latin “turtur,” both of which were derived from the sound the bird makes. The scientific name for the European turtle dove, Streptopelia turtur, also incorporates this onomatopoeic element, reinforcing the vocal origin of its common name. The melodic, often plaintive cooing is a defining feature of these birds, setting them apart and giving them their memorable designation.
The “Dove” in Turtle Dove
The “dove” portion of the name accurately reflects the bird’s biological classification. Turtle doves belong to the family Columbidae, which encompasses all species commonly known as doves and pigeons.
Members of the Columbidae family are characterized by their stout bodies, small heads, relatively short necks, and slender bills. Turtle doves embody these features, presenting a delicate and gentle appearance consistent with the common perception of doves. Their soft cooing sounds further align them with the general characteristics associated with doves.
Beyond the Name: Cultural Significance
Beyond its etymological roots, the turtle dove holds significant cultural symbolism, largely due to its gentle demeanor and perceived mating habits. It has long been regarded as a symbol of love, fidelity, and peace across various cultures and traditions. The belief that turtle doves mate for life contributes to their association with loyalty and devotion in relationships.
This symbolism is evident in literature, poetry, and songs, where the turtle dove frequently represents enduring affection. A notable example is its inclusion in the carol “The Twelve Days of Christmas,” where “two turtle doves” symbolize the Old and New Testaments.