Eyelashes, like other body hairs, naturally shed as part of their growth cycle. Losing one to five lashes per eye daily is normal, with new lashes continuously replacing them to maintain a consistent lash line.
Common Causes of Eyelash Loss
Mechanical stress is a common culprit, as rubbing eyes aggressively, improper makeup removal, or using eyelash curlers incorrectly can damage lash follicles. Sleeping with mascara on can also lead to breakage and premature shedding.
Cosmetic products and practices can also cause lash loss. Some mascaras, eyeliners, or harsh cleansers can irritate the lash line. Eyelash extensions, if applied or removed improperly, can place undue stress on natural lashes, leading to traction alopecia, a condition where follicles are damaged by pulling. Allergic reactions to lash glues or other chemicals used in lash procedures can also trigger shedding.
Nutritional deficiencies can impact overall hair health, including eyelashes. A lack of certain vitamins and minerals (biotin, vitamin D, iron, zinc) has been linked to increased hair thinning and loss. These nutrients are involved in supporting the hair growth cycle and follicle health.
Significant stress and hormonal changes can also play a role in temporary eyelash thinning. High levels of stress hormones can push hair follicles into a dormant phase, leading to increased shedding. Hormonal fluctuations (e.g., during pregnancy, childbirth, menopause) and thyroid imbalances can disrupt the hair growth cycle. As people age, hair follicles may become less productive, resulting in naturally sparser and thinner lashes.
Beyond Normal Shedding
While some eyelash shedding is normal, certain signs indicate a more significant underlying issue requiring medical attention. Losing large clumps of lashes or sudden, noticeable thinning, especially if rapid, suggests an abnormal process.
Other eye symptoms, such as persistent itching, redness, swelling, flaking, or pain, can indicate an inflammatory condition or infection. If eyelash loss occurs alongside hair loss elsewhere (e.g., scalp, eyebrows), it may signal a systemic condition. Lack of regrowth, or new lashes appearing misshapen or discolored, is also concerning.
Various medical conditions can cause eyelash loss, including autoimmune diseases like alopecia areata or inflammatory conditions such as blepharitis (eyelid inflammation causing crusting and lash loss). Certain medications, infections, or skin conditions can also contribute to lash loss. Consulting a healthcare professional is important for proper diagnosis and to rule out serious underlying health concerns.
Promoting Eyelash Health
Adopting gentle care practices is important for maintaining healthy eyelashes. Always remove eye makeup gently without harsh rubbing or pulling on the lashes. When using an eyelash curler, apply light pressure and avoid tugging.
Careful product selection can also contribute to lash health. Choose hypoallergenic or ophthalmologist-tested mascaras, cleansers, and eye makeup to minimize irritation. Check cosmetic product expiration dates and replace mascara every three to six months to prevent bacterial contamination. If using lash extensions, ensure they are applied and removed by a trained professional to avoid damage to natural lashes.
A balanced diet rich in vitamins and minerals supports overall hair health, including eyelashes. Consuming adequate protein, biotin, omega-3 fatty acids, iron, and zinc can help strengthen lashes and promote growth. Foods such as eggs, leafy greens, nuts, seeds, and fatty fish are beneficial sources of these nutrients. Regular eyelid hygiene, including gentle cleaning of the lash line with a mild cleanser, helps prevent infections and buildup that impede lash health. Taking occasional breaks from heavy eye makeup or lash extensions also allows lashes to recover and thrive.