A tooth crown is a cap shaped like a tooth, placed over a damaged tooth to restore its form, size, strength, and appearance. While the procedure to place a crown typically involves local anesthesia to prevent pain, some discomfort or sensitivity can arise during or after the process. This article explores what sensations are normal and when pain might signal a problem that requires professional attention.
Sensations During the Crowning Process
During the dental crowning procedure, the area around the tooth is numbed with local anesthesia. This numbing agent ensures that sharp pain is not felt as the dentist reshapes the tooth. Despite the anesthesia, some sensations are normal and can still be perceived. Patients might feel pressure or vibrations from the dental drill. Temporary sensitivity can also occur if the tooth has existing underlying issues. Communicate any discomfort to the dentist immediately during the procedure.
Expected Post-Procedure Discomfort
Following the placement of a tooth crown, it is common to experience some mild, temporary discomfort as the mouth adjusts. This discomfort typically subsides within a few days to a couple of weeks. Initial sensitivity to hot and cold temperatures is a frequent occurrence because the tooth’s nerve tissue might become irritated during the procedure, especially if the tooth was significantly altered or had prior issues. Mild soreness in the gums around the crowned tooth is also expected, often due to irritation from the dental cement used to secure the crown. Additionally, a sensation of pressure or an altered bite might be present until the mouth fully adapts to the new crown.
Reasons for Ongoing or Severe Pain
Persistent or severe pain after a tooth crown can indicate an underlying issue that requires professional evaluation.
One reason for such pain is nerve inflammation or damage. This can occur if the tooth preparation was deep and irritated the pulp, the innermost part of the tooth containing nerves and blood vessels. This irritation can lead to discomfort ranging from mild sensitivity to sharp pain.
New or remaining decay beneath the crown can also cause significant pain. Although a crown protects the tooth, bacteria can accumulate at the margin where the crown meets the natural tooth. This can lead to decay that may progress and affect the tooth’s nerve.
An ill-fitting crown is another potential cause of discomfort. If the crown does not fit properly, it can create bite issues, place undue pressure on the tooth, or allow bacteria to enter and cause decay or infection.
Gum inflammation, known as gingivitis, or more severe periodontitis, can develop around the crowned tooth. This occurs if bacteria accumulate due to improper crown placement or insufficient oral hygiene. Symptoms often include redness, swelling, and pain in the gum tissue.
Bruxism, or teeth grinding, places excessive pressure on the crowned tooth. This can lead to pain, damage to the crown, or even cracks in the underlying tooth structure.
A cracked tooth beneath the crown is a serious concern. Cracks can extend into the tooth’s internal structures, allowing bacteria to enter and causing pain, sensitivity, or infection.
While rare, an allergic reaction to the crown material itself, or to the dental cement used, can also manifest as pain, itching, redness, or swelling in the surrounding tissues. Metal alloys like nickel, chromium, or cobalt, or components in acrylics and resin-based cements, are potential allergens.
When to Contact Your Dentist
It is important to seek professional dental attention if certain symptoms arise after receiving a tooth crown. You should contact your dentist if:
- The pain is severe, worsening, or does not subside within a few days or weeks.
- Swelling occurs in the gums or face around the crowned tooth.
- A fever is present alongside tooth pain, suggesting a possible infection.
- A persistent bad taste or odor in the mouth indicates bacterial buildup or decay.
- The crown feels loose or falls off.
- You experience difficulty chewing or biting due to pain.
Managing Discomfort at Home
For mild discomfort following a crown placement or while awaiting a dental appointment, several temporary measures can help manage symptoms.
- Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen, can help alleviate pain and inflammation.
- Rinsing the mouth with warm salt water several times a day can help soothe irritated gums and reduce inflammation.
- Eating soft foods and avoiding chewing on the side of the mouth with the new crown can prevent further irritation.
- Avoid extremely hot or cold foods and beverages, as these can trigger sensitivity in the newly crowned tooth.
- Maintain good oral hygiene by brushing gently and flossing around the crown. Care should be taken not to dislodge the crown or irritate the gums.
These home care tips are intended for temporary relief and are not a substitute for professional diagnosis and treatment if pain is severe or persistent.