Elephant ear plants, encompassing both Colocasia and Alocasia species, are popular choices for gardeners seeking to add a tropical flair to their outdoor spaces. These plants are celebrated for their impressive, often massive foliage, which can transform an ordinary landscape into a lush, exotic retreat. Successful growth of these dramatic plants begins with proper planting, essential for their striking display throughout the growing season.
Identifying the Elephant Ear Bulb
Understanding the correct orientation of an elephant ear bulb, or corm, is an important step before planting. Elephant ear bulbs often have a distinct top and bottom, though their appearance can vary. The top of the bulb typically features concentric rings or a slightly pointed end, which is where the foliage will emerge. Conversely, the bottom of the bulb is usually flatter, sometimes bumpy, and may show remnants of old roots or have a more gnarly appearance where new roots will develop.
Examining the bulb closely for these visual cues helps ensure it is planted the right way up. If the bulb has a clearly pointed side, that side should face upwards. In cases where the bulb’s top and bottom are not immediately obvious, a practical solution is to plant the bulb on its side. Elephant ear bulbs are quite resilient and will naturally orient themselves, sending shoots upwards and roots downwards, even if initially placed sideways.
Preparing and Planting Your Bulbs
Selecting the right time and location is important for the successful establishment of elephant ear bulbs. These tropical plants thrive in warm conditions, so plant them outdoors in the spring after all danger of frost has passed. The soil temperature should ideally be at least 65°F (18°C) for optimal growth. In cooler climates, starting bulbs indoors in pots four to six weeks before the last expected frost can give them a head start.
The chosen planting site should accommodate the mature size of the plant, as elephant ears can spread significantly, often requiring at least three feet of space per plant. While some varieties can tolerate full sun, most elephant ears perform best in partial shade or filtered sunlight, protecting them from intense afternoon sun to prevent leaf scorching. The soil should be well-draining, rich in organic matter, and consistently moist. Incorporating compost or other organic amendments into the soil before planting can significantly improve its fertility and water-holding capacity.
When planting, dig a hole deep enough to cover the bulb with 1 to 2 inches of soil for smaller bulbs, or 4 to 8 inches for larger ones. After placing the bulb, cover it with loosened soil, ensuring good contact around the bulb to facilitate root development.
Initial Care for Newly Planted Bulbs
Consistent care promotes strong growth once elephant ear bulbs are planted. After planting, thoroughly water the area to settle the soil around the bulb. Maintaining consistent moisture is important for these plants, as they naturally thrive in moist conditions. However, avoid overwatering, especially while the bulb is dormant, as excessive moisture can lead to rot. Water again when the top inch or two of soil begins to dry out.
Applying a layer of mulch around the planting area can help retain soil moisture, regulate soil temperature, and suppress weeds. While elephant ear bulbs can take some time to sprout, this process typically takes two to eight weeks, depending on soil temperature and variety. During this waiting period, continue to monitor soil moisture, providing water as needed. Once foliage begins to emerge, the plant will require more regular watering to support its rapid growth.