Eczema, also known as atopic dermatitis, causes the skin to become dry, itchy, and inflamed. This condition weakens the skin’s natural barrier, making it more susceptible to irritants and allergens. This article explores the role of various oils in soothing and supporting eczema-prone skin.
Why Oils for Eczema?
Oils can be beneficial for eczema due to their ability to moisturize and support the skin’s compromised barrier. Eczema-affected skin loses moisture easily, leading to dryness and increased transepidermal water loss. Oils act as occlusives, forming a protective layer on the skin’s surface to lock in moisture and prevent water loss.
Many oils contain fatty acids that help repair and strengthen the skin’s natural barrier. This barrier keeps irritants out and moisture in, and its dysfunction is a significant factor in eczema. Furthermore, some plant oils possess compounds with anti-inflammatory properties, which can calm redness and irritation associated with eczema flare-ups.
Oils Generally Recommended for Eczema
Sunflower seed oil is frequently recommended for eczema due to its high linoleic acid content, an essential fatty acid that maintains the skin’s water permeability barrier. This oil can also calm skin inflammation and encourage the skin to produce more ceramides, fats that contribute to smooth, soft skin.
Jojoba oil is another beneficial option, as it mimics the skin’s natural sebum, making it easily absorbed and less likely to feel greasy. It offers ultrasoothing and anti-inflammatory properties. Research indicates that jojoba oil may also have wound-healing effects.
Coconut oil, particularly cold-pressed virgin coconut oil, is recognized for its moisturizing, antibacterial, and mild anti-inflammatory properties. It contains lauric acid, which develops into monolaurin, an antimicrobial agent that can help manage Staphylococcus aureus bacteria often present on eczema-prone skin.
Borage oil and Evening Primrose oil are both notable for their gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) content, an omega-6 fatty acid. GLA is known for its anti-inflammatory effects and can support skin health. These oils can help improve the overall condition of eczema-affected skin.
Safflower seed oil also contains linoleic acid, which directly aids in repairing the skin barrier. This oil has been reported to lessen inflammation in the skin, making it a suitable choice for individuals with eczema. Almond oil, rich in vitamin E and fatty acids, acts as an emollient, locking moisture into the skin and helping to improve barrier function.
Oils to Use with Caution or Avoid
Olive oil should be used with caution for eczema, as its high oleic acid content can potentially disrupt the skin barrier for some individuals. While it contains beneficial compounds, the balance of fatty acids may not be ideal for compromised skin, potentially worsening dryness or irritation.
Tea Tree oil is potent and generally not recommended for widespread use on eczema-affected skin due to its high potential for irritation and allergic reactions. Although it possesses antimicrobial properties, the concentrated nature of tea tree oil can be too harsh for sensitive, inflamed skin.
Essential oils carry a high risk of irritation and allergic reactions for individuals with eczema. These highly concentrated plant extracts contain various chemical compounds that can trigger adverse responses in compromised skin. There is limited scientific evidence to support their effectiveness for eczema, and their unregulated nature means quality and purity can vary. Even when diluted, essential oils can cause skin reactions in eczema-prone individuals.
Safe Application and Important Considerations
Patch testing any new oil is a crucial first step before widespread application to eczema-prone skin. Apply a small amount of the oil to a discreet, unaffected area of skin, such as the inner forearm, and observe for 24 to 48 hours for any signs of redness, itching, or irritation. This helps identify potential sensitivities before a full application.
For optimal absorption and moisture retention, apply oils to damp skin immediately after bathing or showering. This traps the water on the skin’s surface, enhancing hydration. Consistency in application is important, with daily use often yielding the best results for managing dryness and supporting the skin barrier.
Oils are supplementary treatments and should not replace prescribed medications or professional medical advice. If eczema symptoms are severe, worsen, or show signs of infection like pus or excessive redness, it is important to consult a healthcare provider. A doctor can provide a proper diagnosis and recommend an appropriate treatment plan.