A tennis elbow brace, technically a counterforce forearm strap, manages the pain associated with lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow). This condition is caused by the overuse and strain of the tendons that attach the forearm extensor muscles to the outer part of the elbow bone. The brace works by applying targeted pressure to the muscle belly in the forearm, creating an alternative anchor point for the muscle-tendon unit. This redirects the strain away from the irritated tendon insertion point at the elbow. The brace allows the tendon a chance to rest and recover during activities that would otherwise cause pain.
Anatomical Placement for Relief
Achieving maximum relief from a counterforce brace depends entirely on its precise location on the forearm. The strap must be positioned distal to the elbow joint, further down the arm toward the wrist, and should never cover the bony prominence of the elbow itself. Correct placement is typically one to two inches below the crease of the elbow joint, or approximately two finger-widths down from the elbow fold. This distance ensures the pressure is applied directly onto the largest part of the extensor muscle belly.
To pinpoint the exact spot, locate the forearm extensor muscles on the outer (lateral) side of the arm by making a fist and extending your wrist backward; the contracting muscle bulk is the target area. Placing the brace’s pressure pad directly over this muscle belly shifts the tension point, reducing the stress placed on the tendon’s attachment. Incorrect placement, such as positioning the brace too close to the wrist, will negate the counterforce effect. Braces placed on the inner (medial) side are used for golfer’s elbow, which affects the flexor muscles.
Achieving Optimal Fit and Tension
Once the correct anatomical location is identified, secure the brace with the right amount of tension. The goal is to apply sufficient counterforce to redistribute the strain without constricting circulation. Tighten the strap so it is snug enough to stay in place during activity but loose enough that a single finger can comfortably slide underneath the band. This level of pressure ensures the brace performs its function as a secondary anchor for the muscle.
The immediate feedback for proper fit is a noticeable reduction in pain when gripping an object or performing a painful movement. If tightening the brace results in numbness, tingling, or coldness in the hand or fingers, the strap is too tight and should be immediately loosened. These symptoms indicate restricted blood flow or nerve compression. The correct fit should provide immediate comfort and support, not painful constriction.
Guidelines for Duration of Wear
The counterforce brace is best utilized for managing symptoms during periods of activity, not as a permanent fixture. It should be worn primarily during activities that involve repetitive gripping, lifting, or twisting motions that provoke pain, such as playing sports or performing work tasks. Wearing the brace during these high-stress moments protects the injured tendon and allows it to manage the load with less strain.
It is not recommended to wear the brace constantly, such as 24 hours a day or while sleeping, unless advised by a healthcare provider. Removing the brace during rest periods allows for normal circulation and prevents the muscles from becoming overly dependent on the external support. The brace serves as a temporary aid; long-term recovery involves addressing the root cause through rest, physical therapy, and strengthening exercises. If reliance on the brace continues without improvement, consulting a physician is advisable.