Tennis elbow, known medically as lateral epicondylitis, is a common condition characterized by pain on the outer side of the elbow. It occurs when the tendons that join the forearm muscles to the outside of the elbow become damaged, typically from overuse. A brace can be a helpful tool in managing the symptoms of tennis elbow by providing support and reducing strain on the affected area. Understanding the correct placement and application of such a brace is important for achieving effective relief.
Identifying the Correct Placement
Optimal placement of a tennis elbow brace is crucial for its effectiveness in alleviating pain. The brace should be positioned on the forearm, specifically below the elbow joint. Place the top edge of the supportive strap approximately 1 to 2 inches (2.5 to 5 cm) below the elbow crease, or about two fingers’ width down from the bend in the elbow. It is important to avoid placing the brace directly over the painful bony prominence of the elbow, or directly in the elbow crease, as this can impede movement and increase discomfort.
The brace’s pad should rest over the largest part of the forearm muscles responsible for wrist extension. These muscles are located on the top and outer side of the forearm. To accurately locate this spot, wiggle their fingers or extend their wrist against resistance, observing where the muscles below the elbow bulge and contract. This targeted placement ensures that the brace applies pressure to the muscle mass, rather than directly on the inflamed tendon insertion point.
How the Brace Works
A tennis elbow brace, often referred to as a counterforce brace, functions by applying targeted pressure to the forearm muscles. This pressure changes how forces are transmitted through the tendons to the bone at the elbow. By compressing the extensor muscles just below the elbow, the brace reduces the tension and strain placed on the inflamed tendons where they attach to the lateral epicondyle.
This mechanism creates a new, artificial point of origin for the forearm muscles, diverting the stress from the irritated tendon attachment. The brace also provides circumferential pressure and muscle stabilization, distributing the load more evenly across the forearm. This reduction in direct pull on the injured tendon allows for a decrease in pain and can promote healing. Counterforce braces can reduce the force on tendons by a measurable percentage, contributing to immediate pain relief and improved grip strength.
Ensuring Effective Application
Proper application of a tennis elbow brace is as important as its correct placement for pain relief and support. Once positioned, the brace should be tightened until it is snug, but not uncomfortably tight. Apply firm pressure without restricting circulation or causing tingling, numbness, or discoloration in the hand or fingers. Comfortably make a fist or grip an object, and ensure the brace does not move.
Adjustments may be necessary throughout the day to maintain comfort and effectiveness. If the brace causes increased pain or adverse sensations, adjust or remove it. The brace is worn during activities that aggravate the elbow, such as during sports or work tasks involving repetitive arm movements. It is removed during rest or sleep, unless advised by a healthcare professional. Consistent and correct use during activity helps manage symptoms and support recovery.