The Coronary Artery Calcium (CAC) score test offers a non-invasive method for assessing an individual’s risk of developing heart disease. This screening tool uses specialized imaging to detect early signs of plaque buildup in the heart’s arteries, which guides preventive medical decisions. Understanding how to access this test, what it measures, and the financial considerations involved are practical steps for anyone considering this heart health assessment.
Understanding the Coronary Artery Calcium Score
The CAC score is derived from a cardiac computed tomography (CT) scan that specifically measures the amount of calcified, or hardened, plaque within the walls of the heart’s coronary arteries. This plaque buildup, known as atherosclerosis, is a primary factor in the development of coronary artery disease (CAD) and heart attacks. The test is quick and does not require intravenous contrast dye, making it a low-risk procedure.
The result is a numerical score, often called the Agatston score, which directly correlates with the extent of calcium deposits detected. A higher score suggests a greater volume of plaque and a proportionally higher risk of a future cardiac event. The test is generally intended for asymptomatic adults, typically between the ages of 40 and 75, who have an intermediate risk of heart disease based on traditional risk factors.
This intermediate risk profile often includes individuals with factors like high blood pressure, high cholesterol, type 2 diabetes, or a family history of early heart disease. The test is not typically recommended for people who have already had a heart attack, bypass surgery, or a stent, as they are already considered high-risk. The goal is to identify hidden risk in those who may not yet be aware of their vulnerability.
Locating Authorized Testing Facilities
The Coronary Artery Calcium scan requires specialized CT equipment, meaning it is performed at specific types of medical facilities. Major hospitals, particularly those with dedicated cardiology or cardiac imaging departments, are the most common locations to find this service. These institutions often have the advanced technology and board-certified cardiologists or radiologists needed to accurately perform and interpret the scan.
In addition to large hospitals, many specialized independent diagnostic imaging centers offer CAC scoring. These centers focus exclusively on medical imaging and sometimes provide the scan at a more competitive self-pay price. Large outpatient clinics affiliated with major medical systems may also house the necessary CT scanners and imaging staff.
To locate an authorized facility nearby, start by checking the websites of major regional hospital systems, looking for pages related to “cardiac imaging” or “preventive cardiology.” Some facilities offer online scheduling tools or a dedicated phone line for the CAC score, sometimes referred to as a “Heart Scan.” When contacting a facility, confirm that the CT scanner is optimized for cardiac imaging to ensure the highest quality results.
Navigating Insurance and Out of Pocket Expenses
Understanding the financial aspect of the CAC scan requires proactive investigation, as it is often considered a screening tool rather than a diagnostic one. Most standard health insurance plans, including original Medicare, do not automatically cover the cost of the test. This is because it is typically viewed as preventive screening unless a patient meets specific, high-risk criteria or the scan is ordered for a particular diagnostic reason.
Because of the lack of routine insurance coverage, the Coronary Artery Calcium scan is frequently paid for out-of-pocket by the patient. The cost can vary significantly depending on the facility type and location, with a typical self-pay price ranging from approximately $100 to $400 nationwide. Some health systems and clinics offer the scan at the lower end of this range, sometimes as low as $60 to $150.
Before scheduling, call both the testing facility and your insurance provider directly. Ask the facility for their self-pay or cash price for the “Coronary Artery Calcium Score” (CPT code S8092 is sometimes used for screening) and inquire about any required physician referral. Contact your insurance company to confirm whether the test is covered under your specific plan, and if so, what your expected co-pay or deductible obligation will be.
Scheduling the Scan and Interpreting Results
Scheduling the CAC scan typically requires an order or referral from a healthcare provider, even if the patient plans to pay for the test themselves. After obtaining the referral, the appointment itself is brief, usually taking only 20 to 30 minutes in total, with the actual CT scan acquisition lasting only a few moments. Preparation for the scan is minimal but may include avoiding caffeine or strenuous exercise beforehand to keep the heart rate low, ensuring clearer images.
During the test, small electrode patches are placed on the chest to monitor the heart’s rhythm, and the patient lies on a table that slides into the CT scanner. The scan is painless and non-invasive, with the technologist asking the patient to briefly hold their breath to capture clear images of the coronary arteries. After the scan, the images are analyzed by a computer program and reviewed by a specialist to calculate the final calcium score.
The resulting Agatston score is categorized to help interpret the level of risk. A score of zero means no measurable calcified plaque is present, indicating a very low risk of a heart attack in the short term. Scores from 1 to 99 suggest mild plaque buildup and a low to moderate risk. Scores in the 100 to 399 range indicate moderate plaque and a relatively high risk, while a score of 400 or greater signifies extensive calcification and a high likelihood of significant coronary artery disease. All scores should be discussed with a healthcare provider, who will use the result, along with other risk factors, to determine the appropriate follow-up, such as aggressive lifestyle changes or the initiation of preventive medications like statins.