Chrysanthemums, often simply called mums, are a diverse group of flowering plants native primarily to East Asia. Cultivated for thousands of years for their ornamental, medicinal, and culinary qualities, they are a global commercial staple and an enduring symbol of autumn. Understanding the specific type of chrysanthemum you seek is the first step toward a successful purchase, as the ideal sourcing location varies widely based on the plant’s intended function.
Identifying Your Purchase Goal
The first consideration for any buyer is determining the plant’s intended use, which defines the category of chrysanthemum required. Garden Mums, or hardy mums, are perennial varieties, typically Chrysanthemum morifolium, bred to survive winter in certain regions, generally USDA Hardiness Zones 5 through 9. These varieties focus on root establishment and overwintering capacity, often displaying smaller, numerous flowers on a robust, spreading structure.
Florist Mums are generally sold as potted plants for temporary display or as cut flowers. These varieties are bred for large, showy blooms and intense color, but they are often not cold-hardy. They are typically treated as annuals that rarely survive the winter outdoors because their energy is focused on the forced bloom rather than developing a deep root system.
The third category is Culinary Mums, specifically the dried flowers of varieties like Chrysanthemum morifolium, known as Ju Hua. These flowers are consumed as an herbal tea or used in traditional Chinese medicine and cooking. Purchasing them centers on the quality and grade of the dried flower buds, separate from ornamental plants.
Retail Options for Live Plants and Seeds
For individuals seeking live plants for long-term perennial use, local independent nurseries and garden centers are a reliable source. These establishments often stock hardy garden mums and can provide regional expertise regarding the best varieties for overwintering. Buying early in the spring or late summer gives the plant ample time to establish roots before the first hard frost.
Specialty chrysanthemum growers and online retailers offer the widest selection of unique or heirloom varieties, often shipping them as small rooted cuttings. While this requires a longer growing period, it grants access to specific bloom forms—like spiders or quills—that are unavailable locally. Seeds are also available online, though many modern varieties are hybrids and may not grow true from seed.
Big-box stores and grocery chains are convenient but primarily stock florist mums, which are forced into bloom for seasonal decoration. These plants are best treated as temporary patio color, as they frequently lack the necessary root system or genetic hardiness to return the following year. If purchasing a perennial from these sources, confirm the cultivar’s specific hardiness zone, which may not be clearly labeled.
Sourcing Cut Flowers and Culinary Varieties
Cut chrysanthemums are widely available from local florists, grocery store floral departments, and wholesale clubs. Florist-grade cut flowers are cultivated for uniformity and long vase life, sometimes lasting up to two weeks in an arrangement. For unique, non-uniform stems, local flower farms specializing in heirloom or specialty cut flowers can provide more dramatic bloom types.
For edible varieties, the dried flowers of Chrysanthemum morifolium are found in specialty Asian markets, herb shops, or online tea vendors. These dried buds are used to brew chrysanthemum tea, valued for its mild, slightly sweet floral flavor. When buying for consumption, look for tight, intact flower buds, which are often graded based on size and color; premium “fetal” buds are highly sought after.
Essential Buying Considerations
Regardless of the type or source, inspect the plant closely before purchase to ensure quality and health. The foliage should be a deep, vibrant green without signs of yellowing, spots, or visible pests like aphids or spider mites. Gently check the root system by sliding the plant partially out of its container; healthy roots should be white and spread evenly, not mushy or densely matted.
For potted plants, choose one with many tight, unopened flower buds rather than a plant already in full bloom; this extends the display period. Hardy garden mums intended for planting must be matched to your USDA Hardiness Zone to ensure they survive winter temperatures. Planting hardy varieties at least six to eight weeks before the first expected frost allows for proper root establishment, maximizing their chance of returning in the spring.