The birth control patch is a hormonal contraceptive method that adheres to the skin and releases hormones into the bloodstream. These hormones, typically estrogen and progestin, work to prevent pregnancy by stopping the ovaries from releasing an egg, a process known as ovulation. The patch also thickens cervical mucus, making it more difficult for sperm to reach an egg, and can thin the uterine lining, which makes implantation less likely.
Approved Application Sites
The birth control patch can be applied to several areas on the body that are suitable for hormone absorption and proper adhesion. These approved sites include the upper outer arm, the lower abdomen, the buttocks, and the upper torso, excluding the breasts. These locations are generally flat and have less movement, which helps the patch remain securely in place.
Some brands, like Xulane, specifically list the buttock, back, belly, or upper outer arm as application sites, while Twirla can be applied to the buttock, belly, or upper torso. Avoiding areas with excessive hair can also promote better adhesion of the patch to the skin.
Essential Application Guidelines
Before applying a new patch, ensure the chosen skin area is clean, dry, and free of any lotions, oils, powders, or makeup, as these can interfere with adhesion and hormone absorption. The patch should not be placed on skin that is irritated, cut, or broken.
When applying the patch, remove it from its foil pouch and peel away half of the clear protective lining, avoiding the sticky surface. Position the sticky side onto the selected clean, dry skin area, then remove the remaining half of the clear plastic. Press firmly on the patch with the palm of your hand for 10 to 20 seconds, ensuring all edges are securely attached to the skin. Rotate application sites each week to help prevent skin irritation. Avoid placing the patch where clothing, such as bra straps or waistbands, might rub against it, as this can cause it to peel or detach.
Managing Your Patch Cycle
The birth control patch follows a weekly change schedule. Apply a new patch once a week on the same day for three consecutive weeks. During the fourth week, no patch is worn, which allows for menstrual bleeding to occur. After this patch-free week, a new cycle begins with the application of a fresh patch on your designated patch change day.
If a patch begins to peel or falls off, steps should be followed to maintain contraceptive protection. If it has been off for less than 24 hours, you can reapply the same patch if it is still sticky, or apply a new one if it is not, and no backup contraception is needed. If the patch has been off for more than 24 hours, or if you are unsure how long it has been detached, immediately apply a new patch, and use a backup method of contraception, such as condoms, for the next seven days. New patches should be stored at room temperature, away from direct sunlight, and kept sealed in their pouches until ready for use.