Wisdom teeth, also known as third molars, are the final set of teeth to emerge, typically appearing in the late teens or early twenties. While some individuals experience no issues, their eruption can sometimes lead to discomfort. Understanding where this pain occurs and its potential causes helps identify when professional dental care might be needed.
Common Locations of Wisdom Teeth Pain
Wisdom teeth pain commonly manifests at the very back of the jaw, directly behind the second molars. This discomfort can range from a dull ache to a throbbing sensation. It is often localized to this specific area where the wisdom tooth is attempting to emerge or is already present.
The pain originating from wisdom teeth can extend beyond the immediate tooth site. Many individuals report radiating pain that spreads towards the ear or temple. This referred pain is due to the proximity of nerves in the jaw to these areas. Sometimes, the pain might feel like a general ache within the jawbone itself, causing widespread discomfort throughout the lower face.
Localized pain in the gum tissue surrounding the erupting tooth is also a frequent complaint. This sensation can be sharp or throbbing, often accompanied by tenderness when touched. The gum tissue in this area may appear red, inflamed, or swollen. This indicates irritation or inflammation as the tooth pushes through the gum line.
Underlying Reasons for Pain in These Areas
The primary reason for wisdom teeth pain often relates to a lack of space in the jaw for proper eruption. When there is insufficient room, the wisdom tooth may become “impacted,” meaning it gets stuck against another tooth or bone. This impaction causes pressure and pain in the back of the jaw. Impaction can occur in various ways, such as the tooth growing at an angle or sideways, pushing against adjacent teeth or jaw structures, leading to discomfort.
Another common cause of localized pain is pericoronitis. This condition involves the swelling and infection of the gum tissue around a partially erupted wisdom tooth. A flap of gum tissue, called an operculum, can form over a partially emerged tooth, trapping food particles and bacteria. This creates an ideal environment for infection, resulting in localized pain, redness, and swelling.
Wisdom teeth eruption can also lead to more generalized aching in the jaw due to crowding. As the wisdom tooth attempts to emerge, it can put pressure on other teeth, causing them to shift and resulting in discomfort or sensitivity. Fluid-filled sacs or growths, known as cysts or tumors, can develop around impacted wisdom teeth. These can cause pressure and pain within the jawbone, sometimes damaging surrounding bone, nerves, or teeth.
Accompanying Signs of Wisdom Teeth Issues
Beyond the specific pain locations, several other signs often indicate wisdom teeth problems. Swelling of the gum around the affected area is a common indicator, often appearing red and tender. Individuals might experience difficulty opening their mouth fully, a condition known as trismus, due to muscle spasms or tightness in the jaw.
An unpleasant taste or bad breath can also accompany wisdom teeth issues, particularly if an infection is present. This can be due to bacterial buildup and pus discharge from infected gum tissue. Headaches are another frequent symptom, often described as referred pain radiating from the jaw or due to pressure on nerves. Finally, general tenderness or soreness in the jaw is common, making chewing difficult and contributing to overall discomfort.