A pulse represents the rhythmic expansion and contraction of an artery. The radial pulse, felt at the wrist, is a commonly used site for measurement. Checking the pulse offers a quick assessment of heart rate and rhythm, providing insights into cardiovascular health. It serves as a vital sign for general health monitoring and medical situations. Its accessibility makes the radial artery a preferred location.
Locating the Radial Artery
To find the radial artery, position one hand palm upward. Look at the wrist on the thumb side, between the wrist bone and the prominent tendon. This region is where the radial artery lies close to the skin surface.
Next, use your index and middle fingers. Gently place their pads in the groove on the thumb side of the wrist, just below the base of the thumb. This spot is where the radial artery is most superficial and easiest to feel. Avoid using your thumb, as it has its own pulse, which can lead to an inaccurate reading. You may need to adjust your fingers slightly to pinpoint the strongest pulsation.
Applying the Correct Pressure
Once the fingers are positioned, apply gentle yet firm pressure to the area. The goal is to compress the radial artery just enough to feel the rhythmic throbbing. Pressing too hard can occlude blood flow, making the pulse difficult or impossible to feel. Conversely, not applying enough pressure might prevent you from detecting the pulse at all.
The sensation should be a distinct, rhythmic beat under your fingertips. If you initially press too hard and the pulse disappears, slowly ease the pressure until the pulsation becomes palpable. Slight adjustments in finger position and pressure are often necessary to find the optimal spot where the pulse is clearest.
Understanding Your Pulse
After locating and feeling the radial pulse, you can determine its rate and characteristics. To count the pulse rate, observe a clock with a second hand and count the number of beats felt in 15 seconds. Multiply this number by four to calculate the beats per minute (bpm). For a more accurate reading, particularly if the pulse feels irregular, count the beats for a full 60 seconds.
A normal resting heart rate for adults ranges from 60 to 100 beats per minute. Factors like age, fitness level, and emotional state can influence this rate. Beyond the rate, pay attention to the pulse’s rhythm and strength. A regular pulse has an even tempo with consistent intervals between beats, while an irregular pulse may have uneven spacing or skipped beats. The strength of the pulse describes its intensity: it can be strong and bounding, or weak and thready.