Pelicans are large water birds known for their distinctive throat pouches. They primarily feed during daylight hours. As dusk approaches, these birds seek suitable locations to settle for the night.
Where Pelicans Settle for the Night
As dusk approaches, pelicans gather in large communal groups to settle for the night. These roosting sites are isolated from potential disturbances and terrestrial predators. Common choices for nocturnal perches include secluded sandbars, offshore islets, and jetties.
Some pelican species also choose to roost in tall trees, such as mangroves, or on rocky offshore islands. These elevated or isolated spots provide a vantage point and increased safety.
While brown pelicans are often found in marine environments, other species may frequent freshwater lakes and rivers, adapting their roosting choices to the available habitat.
Pelicans cannot remain in the water for extended periods without their feathers becoming waterlogged, making dry roosting sites important for their well-being. They prioritize locations that allow them to rest on dry land. While less common, they might occasionally rest on open water, but a solid, dry surface is preferred for overnight roosting. These chosen spots often become traditional sites.
Why Pelicans Choose Their Nighttime Perch
Pelicans select nighttime roosting locations for several factors that contribute to their survival and well-being. Safety from predators is a key concern, with isolated islands, offshore rocks, and elevated trees providing protection from land-based threats.
Roosting in large groups further enhances safety through increased collective vigilance, as many eyes can spot potential dangers more effectively.
Communal roosting also offers protection from environmental elements such as strong winds and cold temperatures, helping pelicans conserve body heat. By resting in sheltered areas, they minimize energy expenditure during periods of inactivity. This energy conservation is particularly important given their large size and the energy demands associated with their daily foraging flights.
Beyond safety and physical comfort, communal roosts provide social benefits. These gatherings allow for information exchange among individuals, potentially regarding foraging areas or other resources. Younger pelicans can also observe and learn social behaviors and foraging strategies from more experienced birds.
Additionally, dry roosting periods are important for pelicans to preen their feathers, maintaining their waterproof coating, which is necessary for their aquatic lifestyle.