Semaglutide is a medication used to manage type 2 diabetes and, in specific formulations, for chronic weight management. It functions by mimicking a natural hormone, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), to help regulate blood sugar levels and appetite. Administering semaglutide involves self-injection, a process that requires careful instruction and professional oversight from a qualified healthcare provider.
Obtaining Semaglutide: The Prescription Requirement
Semaglutide is a prescription-only medication, requiring authorization from a licensed healthcare professional. Obtaining this medication begins with a consultation with a doctor, such as a primary care provider or an endocrinologist. During this evaluation, the healthcare provider will assess an individual’s medical history, current health status, and whether semaglutide is a suitable and safe treatment option.
This evaluation determines the appropriate dosage and ensures the medication aligns with the individual’s specific health condition. Available under brand names like Ozempic, Wegovy, and Rybelsus, each requires a prescription. While Ozempic and Rybelsus are primarily approved for type 2 diabetes management, Wegovy is specifically approved for chronic weight management. The provider specifies the brand and dosage most appropriate for the individual’s therapeutic goals.
Preparing for Your Semaglutide Injection
Proper storage maintains semaglutide’s effectiveness. Unopened semaglutide pens should be refrigerated at temperatures between 36°F and 46°F (2°C to 8°C) until their expiration date. Once an injectable pen is in use, some formulations, like Ozempic, can be stored at room temperature (up to 86°F or 30°C) for a certain period, typically 56 days, or remain refrigerated. Avoid freezing semaglutide, as this can damage its molecular structure and render it ineffective.
Before each injection, visually inspect the medication to ensure it is clear and colorless, without any particles. Do not use the medication if it appears cloudy, discolored, or contains foreign matter. Check the expiration date on the pen to confirm the medication is still valid. Selecting an appropriate injection site is important; common areas for subcutaneous injection include the abdomen, thigh, or the back of the upper arm.
To prevent irritation or tissue damage, rotate injection sites with each dose, even within the same general body area. For instance, if injecting into the abdomen, choose a different spot each week, at least two inches away from the belly button. Before administering, clean the chosen site with an alcohol swab and allow the skin to air dry completely for proper disinfection.
The Self-Injection Process: A Step-by-Step Guide
Begin the injection process by washing your hands and gathering all supplies, including the semaglutide pen, a new needle, alcohol swabs, and a sharps container. Attach a new needle to the pen by removing its protective paper tab, pushing it firmly, and twisting until secure. Always use a new needle for each injection to reduce the risk of contamination or infection.
If using a new pen for the first time, or as instructed, perform a “flow check” or “priming” to ensure medication flow and remove air bubbles. This involves turning the dose selector to a flow-check symbol or specific dose, holding the pen needle-up, and pressing the injection button until a drop appears. After priming, turn the dose selector to your prescribed dose, ensuring the dose counter displays the correct amount.
At the injection site, gently pinch skin to ease insertion. Insert the needle swiftly into the skin at a 90-degree angle (or 45-degree if skin is thinner), ensuring it enters the fatty layer, not muscle or vein. Press the injection button or plunger fully and hold it down for approximately 6 seconds to ensure the entire dose is delivered. Once the dose counter shows zero, carefully withdraw the needle from the skin.
Important Considerations After Injection
Immediately after injection, properly dispose of the used needle and pen to prevent accidental needle sticks. Never place needles and pens in regular household trash or recycling. Instead, dispose of them in an FDA-approved sharps disposal container—a rigid, puncture-resistant plastic container with a tight-fitting lid. Many pharmacies sell these, or you may obtain one from the drug manufacturer.
Monitoring for potential side effects is important. Common side effects include gastrointestinal issues like nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and constipation. These effects are typically mild and may lessen as the body adjusts, especially when starting with a low dose and gradually increasing it. If severe or persistent side effects occur, such as intense abdominal pain, changes in vision, or signs of an allergic reaction, contact your healthcare provider promptly.
Adhere to the prescribed dosage schedule for medication effectiveness. Semaglutide is typically administered once weekly on the same day. Regular follow-up appointments with your provider are important to monitor progress, discuss side effects, and make dosage adjustments. These ongoing consultations help ensure the treatment remains appropriate and effective for your health goals.