Ostomy systems, often called colostomy bags, are necessary medical devices that collect waste after an ostomy surgical procedure. Because users require a constant supply of these products, knowing where and how to procure them is a primary concern. Procurement methods range from immediate retail purchases to scheduled deliveries managed through a medical supplier and insurance. This guide details the different types of supplies and the various avenues available for obtaining them.
Understanding the Different Types of Ostomy Systems
The initial step in successful supply procurement is understanding the two primary system types: one-piece and two-piece pouches. A one-piece system integrates the skin barrier (wafer) and the collection pouch into a single unit. This design is often more discreet and simpler to apply, but the entire system must be changed when the pouch needs replacing.
The two-piece system features a separate skin barrier that adheres to the body and a detachable pouch that locks onto the barrier flange. This allows the user to change the pouch multiple times without removing the skin barrier, which benefits skin health. Both systems are available as closed pouches, which are single-use and discarded after filling, or drainable pouches, which can be emptied and reused for several days.
Correct sizing of the skin barrier is important for preventing skin irritation around the stoma, or opening. The wafer opening should be precisely measured, often leaving a small gap of about one-sixteenth to one-eighth of an inch around the stoma to prevent constriction. Since the stoma will change size, especially in the first six to eight weeks after surgery, frequent measurement is necessary to ensure a proper fit.
Retail and Pharmacy Purchase Options
For immediate needs or one-off purchases, various retail and pharmacy locations offer ostomy supplies, though often at higher out-of-pocket costs. Large national pharmacy chains may carry a small selection of common supplies, but inventory is often limited and may be kept behind the pharmacy counter. Big-box retailers like Walmart and Target offer a wider range of products, including bags and accessories from major brands, often through their dedicated online medical supply sections.
Purchasing supplies directly from these sources is a quick solution for emergencies or when extra items are needed outside of a regular insurance order. Since these retail purchases are generally made without using insurance benefits, the full retail price must be paid. Specialized online medical supply retailers also exist, providing a wide selection for self-pay customers. These online options often provide greater product variety than local storefronts, which is helpful when experimenting with different brands or specialized accessories.
Navigating Insurance Coverage and Medical Supply Companies
The most common and cost-effective method for acquiring a regular supply of ostomy products is through a Durable Medical Equipment (DME) provider. These medical supply companies work directly with insurance carriers to fulfill recurring orders, classifying ostomy systems and accessories as prosthetic devices under most plans. The process begins with obtaining a prescription from a physician or a Wound, Ostomy, and Continence (WOC) nurse, detailing the specific products and the quantity required monthly.
For individuals with Medicare, ostomy supplies are covered under Medicare Part B, subject to specific quantity limits and cost-sharing requirements. Medicare generally covers 80% of the approved amount for supplies after the annual deductible is met, leaving the user responsible for the remaining 20% coinsurance. The allowable quantity is determined by the type of ostomy and the condition of the skin, with specific monthly limits set for different items (e.g., up to 60 closed pouches or 20 drainable pouches per month). DME companies manage the necessary paperwork and prior authorization required by the insurance plan, simplifying the logistics of scheduled, recurring shipments.
Essential Accessory Supplies
Beyond the primary pouching system, several accessory supplies are necessary for proper ostomy care and skin health. These items help ensure a secure fit and protect the skin:
- Barrier rings and seals are moldable products used to fill in uneven skin contours around the stoma, creating a flatter surface and a more secure seal to prevent leakage. They are crucial for maintaining skin integrity.
- Ostomy paste functions like caulk to fill small gaps between the skin and the barrier, but it is not an adhesive itself and should be used sparingly.
- Skin prep wipes or barrier films protect the skin from irritation caused by output and improve the adhesion of the skin barrier.
- Adhesive remover wipes or sprays contain a gentle solvent that helps release the wafer from the skin, minimizing trauma during changes.
- Ostomy belts or support wraps can be used to add stability and security to the pouching system, which is particularly beneficial for active individuals or those using convex skin barriers.