The Rainbow Eucalyptus, scientifically known as Eucalyptus deglupta, is one of the most visually striking trees in the world. It is celebrated for its stunning multicolored bark, which gives the tree its common name and makes it a highly sought-after specimen for tropical and subtropical landscaping. This species is unique among all eucalypts because it is native to the Northern Hemisphere and requires a specific, warm environment to thrive. Understanding its vibrant appearance and demanding habitat is the first step toward successfully acquiring and cultivating this magnificent plant.
Identifying the Rainbow Eucalyptus
The Eucalyptus deglupta is the only species of eucalyptus that is indigenous to rainforests, specifically those found across the Philippines, Indonesia, and Papua New Guinea. Its defining feature is a bark that appears painted in a spectrum of vivid colors. The “rainbow” effect occurs because the tree sheds its outer layer of bark in sequential patches throughout the year.
When the outermost layer peels away in strips, the newly exposed inner bark is a bright, vibrant green. This fresh green color then darkens and matures over time, transitioning through hues that include blue, purple, orange, and eventually maroon or reddish-brown before it is shed again. This continuous, uneven process of shedding and oxidation results in the vertical streaks of color that simultaneously cover the trunk. In its native habitat, this fast-growing tree can reach heights of up to 250 feet, though it typically grows to about 100 feet in the United States.
Locating Reputable Suppliers
Finding a genuine, healthy Rainbow Eucalyptus starts with choosing the right supplier, especially since the tree requires specific genetics to display the most vivid coloration. Online specialty nurseries focused on tropical or exotic plants are the most common source for this species. These nurseries often stock established saplings, which are more expensive but offer a much higher chance of successful growth compared to seeds. Always look for certified sellers who explicitly guarantee the plant’s identity as pure Eucalyptus deglupta, as some less reputable sources may offer misidentified seeds.
The financial difference between buying seeds and saplings is significant; small seedlings cost around $50 or more, while a packet of seeds may cost less than $10. Propagating from seed requires patience and specific conditions, with germination taking one to three weeks and 12 to 15 months needed before outdoor planting. Local tropical plant nurseries, particularly those in Florida, Hawaii, or Southern California, may occasionally stock larger specimens available for local pickup only. Purchasing an established sapling is the best option for the average buyer, bypassing the initial growth phase.
Specific Requirements for Cultivation
The Rainbow Eucalyptus demands an environment very similar to its native tropical rainforests. It is winter-hardy only in U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) hardiness zones 10 and 11, which limits outdoor planting to frost-free areas like parts of Southern Florida, Hawaii, and Southern California. The tree is intolerant of cold, and even a brief exposure to freezing temperatures can be fatal.
This species is water-intensive, requiring medium to wet soil conditions and high humidity to thrive. The soil must be rich, fertile, and consistently moist but also very well-draining to prevent root rot. Full sun exposure is necessary to ensure the vibrant development of the bark’s color spectrum.
The rapid growth rate of the Rainbow Eucalyptus, which can add three to five feet of height per year under optimal conditions, must be considered before planting. Its massive size and large, spreading root system make it unsuitable for typical residential yards, as the roots can damage sidewalks and foundations. For those living outside the correct USDA zones, container growing is the only option, requiring a large pot that can be moved indoors during cooler months when temperatures drop below 50°F. Even when container-grown, the tree will still grow quickly and require frequent repotting and maintenance to manage its size.