Eucalyptus is a visually striking and highly aromatic plant, instantly recognizable by its distinct menthol-like scent. This evergreen native of Australia is popular for its rapid growth and the silvery-blue, coin-shaped foliage often used in floral arrangements. Whether you seek a compact houseplant or a towering landscape feature, understanding the plant’s variety and sourcing options is the first step.
Selecting the Right Eucalyptus Variety
Selecting the appropriate species is the most important decision, as the mature size of eucalyptus plants varies drastically. Many species are massive trees, reaching heights of 40 to 60 feet, which is unsuitable for a typical residential yard or container. For indoor growing or small patios, dwarf varieties are necessary to manage the plant’s vigorous growth.
Popular choices for container cultivation include Eucalyptus gunnii ‘Silver Drop’ and Eucalyptus pulverulenta ‘Baby Blue’, which can be maintained at a manageable height with consistent pruning. For outdoor planting, growers must consult the USDA hardiness zone map, as most eucalyptus species thrive only in Zones 8 through 11. Hardy varieties like the Cider Gum (E. gunnii) can sometimes tolerate Zone 7 conditions, but they often act as a shrub that dies back to the ground in colder winters.
Retail and Online Sourcing Options
Eucalyptus plants are available from three primary sources, each offering different benefits to the buyer.
Local Nurseries and Garden Centers
These are excellent for obtaining healthy, locally-adapted plants and receiving expert, region-specific care advice. While their selection may be limited to common varieties, the ability to physically inspect the plant for pests and overall health provides assurance of quality. These local businesses often stock plants that are already a more mature, larger size.
Big Box Stores
Big box stores offer convenience and lower prices due to their ability to purchase plants in bulk. However, the plant quality can fluctuate, as they may not receive specialized care, and the selection is often restricted to the most common cultivars.
Specialized Online Retailers
Online retailers are the best source for rare or specific dwarf cultivars, such as Eucalyptus citriodora ‘Scentuous’. While shopping online provides access to a wider inventory, plants may be smaller, and buyers must factor in the cost and risk of shipping live material across distances.
Initial Care and Environmental Needs
Once a eucalyptus plant is acquired, immediate attention to its environmental needs helps ensure a smooth transition and healthy establishment. The plant requires a location that provides full sun exposure, ideally receiving at least six to eight hours of direct sunlight each day. This high light requirement is necessary for maintaining its characteristic silvery-blue foliage color and compact growth habit.
Eucalyptus prefers well-draining soil with a slightly acidic to neutral pH, typically ranging between 5.5 and 7.5. Whether planting in the ground or a container, amending the soil with grit or perlite will prevent waterlogging, which can quickly lead to root rot. Young plants and those in containers need consistent moisture, so water deeply when the top inch of soil feels dry to the touch. Due to its fast growth, a container-grown eucalyptus may need to be repotted into a larger container annually in the spring, taking care not to disturb the sensitive root system.
Safety and Toxicity Concerns
Eucalyptus plants contain compounds that can be harmful if ingested. The leaves and essential oils contain eucalyptol, a monoterpenoid compound responsible for the plant’s signature scent. This chemical is toxic to pets and small children.
The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA) lists eucalyptus as toxic to dogs, cats, and horses. Ingestion can lead to clinical signs such as excessive salivation, vomiting, diarrhea, depression, and general weakness. For households with pets or young children, it is advisable to keep the plant in a secured location or choose a different, non-toxic ornamental species.