Skene’s glands are a part of female anatomy playing a role in both urinary and sexual health. These small structures contribute to important bodily functions. This article explores their location, functions, and common related conditions.
Anatomy and Location
Skene’s glands are small structures located in the vestibule of the vulva, on either side of the urethra’s lower end. They drain through tiny ducts opening near the urethral meatus, the external opening of the urethra.
Nestled within tissues surrounding the urethra, just inside the vaginal opening, their positioning allows them to contribute to both urinary and sexual functions. They are also known as paraurethral, periurethral, or lesser vestibular glands.
Function and Role
Skene’s glands serve several functions, primarily secretion and lubrication. They produce a fluid that lubricates the urethral opening and contains antimicrobial substances, which may help protect against urinary tract infections.
Often called the “female prostate,” these glands share similarities with the male prostate. Both develop from the same embryological tissues and produce similar biochemical markers, such as prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and prostatic acid phosphatase. During sexual arousal, surrounding tissues swell with increased blood flow, and the glands secrete a mucus-containing fluid for lubrication.
The role of Skene’s glands in female ejaculation and the G-spot is debated. Research suggests fluid expelled during female ejaculation may originate from these glands, containing components similar to male ejaculate but distinct from urine. While some connect Skene’s gland sensitivity to the G-spot, the exact relationship and mechanisms of female ejaculation remain under investigation.
Common Conditions and Understandings
A common condition is a Skene’s gland cyst, occurring when a duct becomes blocked, causing fluid to accumulate. These cysts are usually benign and often asymptomatic, but larger ones can cause discomfort, pain during urination or sex, or difficulty emptying the bladder if they press on the urethra. Symptomatic cysts may require drainage or surgical removal.
Skenitis, an infection of the Skene’s glands, can be caused by bacterial organisms, including those from sexually transmitted infections like gonorrhea, or from urinary tract infections due to the glands’ proximity to the urethra. Symptoms include localized pain, swelling, painful urination, and an urge to urinate, often mimicking a UTI. If skenitis is suspected, antibiotics are typically prescribed; abscesses may require drainage.
It is important to differentiate female ejaculation from “squirting.” Female ejaculation involves a small amount of milky fluid from Skene’s glands, while squirting refers to a larger volume of fluid, primarily urine, released from the bladder. Persistent pelvic pain, unusual discharge, or changes in urination should prompt a healthcare provider consultation.