Wisdom tooth extraction is a common dental procedure, often necessary for issues like pain or impaction. After extraction, immediate care focuses on controlling bleeding and promoting a stable blood clot. Gauze provides pressure to the surgical site, aiding in proper clotting. This guidance clarifies the appropriate use and removal of gauze, along with essential post-operative recovery steps.
Initial Gauze Application and Removal
Immediately after wisdom tooth extraction, your dentist places sterile gauze over the surgical site. The primary purpose of this gauze is to apply pressure, which helps stop bleeding and encourages a protective blood clot. This clot is fundamental for healing, covering exposed bone and nerves.
The initial gauze should remain in place for 30 to 60 minutes. Bite down gently but firmly to ensure consistent pressure. After this period, carefully remove the gauze by gently pulling it away. Avoid disturbing the newly formed blood clot, as dislodging it can lead to complications like a dry socket.
Addressing Persistent Bleeding
Some bleeding or oozing is expected after wisdom tooth extraction and can continue for up to 24 to 48 hours. If bleeding persists after removing the initial gauze, replace it with a fresh piece. Fold the new gauze into a thick pad, position it directly over the extraction site, and bite down firmly for 30 to 45 minutes. Ensure the gauze is positioned directly over the extraction site, not merely between the teeth.
If bleeding remains active, a moistened black tea bag can be used. The tannic acid in black tea constricts blood vessels and promotes blood clot formation. Place the damp tea bag over the surgical site and apply firm pressure for 30 to 60 minutes. Applying a cold compress or ice pack to the cheek can also help reduce bleeding and swelling.
Distinguish between normal oozing and active heavy bleeding. Slight blood-tinged saliva is common. However, if gauze rapidly saturates with bright red blood, or blood pools in your mouth, this indicates significant bleeding. If excessive bleeding continues despite these measures, contact your dentist for further guidance.
Post-Extraction Care and Warning Signs
After bleeding is controlled, diligent care is important for a smooth recovery. For the first 24 hours, avoid vigorous rinsing, spitting, or using straws, as suction can dislodge the blood clot. Begin gently rinsing your mouth with warm salt water (half a teaspoon of salt in a glass of warm water) the day after surgery, especially after meals. Stick to a diet of soft foods and liquids for the first few days, avoiding hot, spicy, or crunchy items.
While some discomfort, swelling, and bruising are normal, monitor for signs of complication. Swelling typically peaks within 48 to 72 hours. Persistent or worsening pain not alleviated by prescribed medication, especially if it starts a few days after extraction, could signal a dry socket. Dry socket occurs when the blood clot dislodges or fails to form, exposing the underlying bone and nerves, causing pain radiating to the ear or neck, a foul taste, or bad breath.
Other warning signs include a fever (over 101°F), pus or unusual discharge from the extraction site, or continuous bleeding for more than 24 hours. If you experience any of these symptoms or have concerns, contact your dentist or oral surgeon promptly for evaluation and appropriate care.