A tooth extraction removes a tooth from its socket. Following this procedure, dental professionals typically place a gauze pad over the extraction site. This initial gauze applies pressure to control bleeding and encourage blood clot formation. Following post-extraction instructions is important for proper healing.
Removing the Initial Gauze
The first gauze pad should remain in place for 30 to 60 minutes. This allows sufficient pressure for a stable blood clot to form. Remove the gauze gently to avoid disturbing any newly formed clot. Slight bleeding or oozing is common when the gauze is removed.
After 30 to 60 minutes, carefully remove the gauze. Inspect the area to see if bleeding has subsided. If only light oozing or pink-tinged saliva is observed, a new gauze pad may not be necessary. If active bleeding persists, apply a fresh gauze pad.
Addressing Continued Bleeding
If bleeding continues, apply a new, clean gauze pad. Fold the fresh gauze into a small, thick pad over the extraction site. Apply firm, consistent pressure by biting down for another 30 to 60 minutes. This sustained pressure compresses blood vessels and promotes further clot formation.
Change the gauze every 30 to 60 minutes if bleeding continues, ensuring each piece is clean and properly positioned. Normal oozing appears as pink-tinged saliva, different from active, bright red bleeding. Avoid vigorous spitting or forceful rinsing, as these actions can dislodge the forming blood clot and prolong bleeding. Also avoid using straws, as suction can disrupt the clot.
Essential Immediate Aftercare
Once bleeding is controlled, protecting the blood clot in the socket is essential for proper healing. Disturbing the clot can lead to a painful condition known as dry socket. Managing discomfort is also an important part of recovery.
Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen, can manage post-extraction pain. Apply an ice pack to the outside of the cheek near the extraction site for 15-20 minutes at a time, with 20-minute breaks, to reduce swelling and discomfort during the first 24 hours.
For the first day, consume only soft foods that do not require much chewing, such as yogurt, mashed potatoes, or soup. Avoid hot liquids and alcoholic beverages.
Resume oral hygiene gently after 24 hours. Rinse your mouth with a warm salt water solution (half a teaspoon of salt in a glass of warm water) several times a day, especially after meals. Be careful not to swish too vigorously. When brushing, avoid the extraction site directly for several days to prevent irritation and protect healing tissue.
Knowing When to Contact Your Dentist
While some bleeding and discomfort are normal after a tooth extraction, certain symptoms indicate contacting your dentist. If heavy, active bleeding persists despite consistent gauze pressure for several hours, contact your dentist. Severe or increasing pain not managed by prescribed or over-the-counter pain medication is also a concern.
Signs of infection, such as fever, persistent swelling worsening after 24-48 hours, pus draining from the extraction site, or a foul taste, require a call to your dental office. If numbness from local anesthetic does not resolve within several hours, or if you experience difficulty swallowing or breathing, contact your dentist immediately. These symptoms suggest potential complications requiring prompt evaluation.