June-bearing strawberries initiate their flower buds in the late summer and fall as the days shorten. This leads to a concentrated burst of fruit production the following year. The single, large harvest occurs over a two-to-four-week period, typically in June or early July, depending on the local climate. Understanding this distinct growth cycle is the foundation for successful cultivation.
Optimal Planting Window
The ideal time to plant bare-root June-bearing strawberries is in the early spring, as soon as the soil is workable. This allows the dormant plant to dedicate its first season to developing a robust root structure before the stress of summer heat arrives. The soil temperature should ideally be in the 45°F to 50°F range for the plants to break dormancy and begin active growth. Planting late, especially after June 1st, should be avoided, as it significantly compromises the plant’s ability to establish itself and set the flower buds necessary for the next year’s crop.
Preparing the Planting Site
Strawberries require a location that receives a minimum of six to eight hours of direct sunlight daily. The soil must be well-draining, as the plants are highly susceptible to crown rot in saturated conditions. Incorporating copious amounts of organic matter, such as aged compost, before planting helps to improve both drainage and nutrient retention. A pre-planting soil test is recommended to determine the existing pH level, which should be adjusted to a slightly acidic range between 5.5 and 6.5. This pH level maximizes nutrient availability. Avoid sites where tomatoes, potatoes, or peppers have recently grown due to the risk of transmitting Verticillium wilt, a soil-borne fungus that severely damages strawberry plants.
The Physical Planting Process
When planting bare-root crowns, the planting depth must be precise to ensure survival. The crown, which is the central growing point, must be positioned exactly at the soil surface. Planting too deeply will bury the crown, causing it to rot, while planting too shallowly leaves the upper roots exposed, leading to drying out and plant death. Dig a hole wide enough to spread the roots laterally, then carefully position the plant so the crown sits level with the surrounding soil. For June-bearing varieties, which propagate rapidly via runners, space the plants 18 to 24 inches apart in rows to accommodate the matted row system. After placing the plant, gently firm the soil around the roots to eliminate air pockets, and immediately water thoroughly to settle the soil.
Essential First-Year Maintenance
The most significant maintenance task for first-year June-bearing strawberries is de-blossoming. Every flower that emerges in the first growing season must be pinched off immediately to prevent the plant from diverting energy into fruit production. This energy is redirected entirely to establishing a large, healthy root system and producing runners, which form the matted row for the subsequent year’s harvest. Consistent moisture management is required, providing about one inch of water per week through rain or irrigation, especially during dry periods. Initial fertilization should use a balanced, low-nitrogen formula, such as a 10-10-10, to support growth without encouraging excessive foliage. Finally, applying a thick layer of straw mulch around the plants will suppress weed competition, regulate soil temperature, and conserve soil moisture.