Florida is the largest producer of watermelon in the United States, especially during the spring and early summer months. The state’s warm climate and sandy soils offer ideal conditions for growing this fruit, allowing for a long season that begins weeks before other major production areas. Buying locally when in season generally ensures superior flavor and texture. Peak availability is directly tied to the staggered growing cycles across the state.
Peak Season Timeline and Regional Differences
The primary season for Florida watermelon generally spans from March through July, with the harvest progressing geographically from the southern tip of the state up to the northern counties. This progression ensures a continuous supply for several months. South Florida growers, particularly in areas like Immokalee, are the first to begin harvesting, often starting as early as late March or April.
The harvest then moves into the central region, including areas like Plant City and Arcadia, with peak production occurring in May. The season finishes in North Florida and the Panhandle, where the harvest typically ramps up toward the end of May and continues through June and into July.
Growers aim to capitalize on two major holidays, with the northern crop often timed for the Memorial Day weekend and state production strong leading up to the Fourth of July. A smaller secondary growing season also occurs in the fall, with limited production from October through December, but the bulk of the yield occurs during the spring and summer.
Major Watermelon Varieties Grown in Florida
The majority of watermelons produced commercially in Florida today are the seedless variety, known scientifically as triploid watermelons. This type has become dominant in the market, accounting for approximately 85% of U.S. sales, due to consumer preference. Seedless varieties grown in the state include names such as ‘Captivation,’ ‘Crunchy Red,’ and ‘Joy Ride,’ which are favored for their high yield and quality.
Traditional seeded watermelons, or diploid varieties, are also cultivated, though in smaller numbers, and include types like ‘Estrella’ and ‘Mardi Gras.’ Growers also produce smaller, personal-sized varieties, sometimes referred to as “icebox” melons. These smaller types, which may include varieties like ‘Triple Baby F1’ or ‘Sugar Baby,’ are popular for their convenience and manageable size.
How to Choose a Ripe Watermelon
Choosing a ripe watermelon involves looking for specific physical cues that indicate the fruit has reached its peak sweetness and juiciness. One of the most reliable indicators is the “field spot,” which is the large patch on the melon where it rested on the ground while growing. A melon that was allowed to ripen fully on the vine will have a field spot that is a creamy yellow or buttery orange color.
If the spot is stark white or pale yellow, the fruit was likely harvested too early and will lack maximum flavor. The weight of the melon provides another clue, as a ripe watermelon is over 90% water and should feel surprisingly heavy for its size. Comparing two melons of similar dimensions and choosing the heavier one suggests higher water density and greater juiciness.
The well-known “thump test” can also be useful, provided you know what sound to listen for. A ripe melon should produce a deep, hollow sound when tapped, indicating that the flesh inside is firm and ready. Conversely, a high-pitched, tight ring suggests the melon is underripe, while a dull, flat thud can mean the flesh is overripe or mushy.