Ticks are small arachnids, related to spiders, that feed on the blood of animals and humans. These parasites are present throughout Washington State, so understanding their activity patterns is important. Knowing when and where ticks are most active, along with common species, helps protect public health and safety.
Peak Tick Activity in Washington State
Tick activity in Washington State increases with warmer weather, peaking from early spring through early summer, specifically March to July. During these months, ticks are most commonly encountered seeking hosts. Activity can extend into the fall, particularly if mild winters or warm springs occur.
Environmental factors like temperature and humidity influence tick behavior. Ticks are less active in very hot, dry conditions or freezing temperatures. The Western Black-legged Tick, for instance, shows activity from late fall through early spring, aligning with milder, wetter periods. This means vigilance for ticks is important throughout much of the year in suitable conditions.
Where Ticks Reside in Washington
Ticks inhabit various outdoor environments across Washington State. They are frequently found in wooded areas, tall grasses, brushy vegetation, and leaf litter. Even urban parks and suburban gardens can harbor ticks.
While ticks are present statewide, their distribution can vary geographically. The Western Black-legged Tick is common in western Washington and along the eastern slopes of the Cascade Mountains. Conversely, the Rocky Mountain Wood Tick and American Dog Tick are more prevalent in eastern Washington. These creatures often perch on low-lying vegetation, waiting to attach to passing hosts.
Common Tick Species in Washington State
Several tick species are found in Washington State. The Western Black-legged Tick ( Ixodes pacificus ) is small, reddish-brown to black, and found in wooded and grassy areas of western Washington. Adult females have dark legs and reddish-brown bodies.
The Rocky Mountain Wood Tick ( Dermacentor andersoni ) is larger and reddish-brown, found in wooded areas and grasslands, particularly in eastern Washington. Females display a distinct silver-gray pattern on their backs. The American Dog Tick ( Dermacentor variabilis ) is also prevalent in Washington, reddish-brown with grayish markings, and found in grassy areas and open spaces. Before feeding, they are brownish-tan with marbled white or yellow markings.
Protecting Yourself from Ticks
Taking preventative measures reduces the risk of tick bites outdoors. Wearing long sleeves and pants creates a physical barrier against ticks. Tucking pant legs into socks or boots prevents ticks from reaching the skin. Light-colored clothing also makes it easier to spot ticks.
Using EPA-registered insect repellents containing DEET on exposed skin and permethrin on clothing and gear offers protection. When hiking, staying in the center of trails and avoiding dense vegetation minimizes exposure. After outdoor activities, thoroughly check clothing, gear, pets, and your body for ticks. If a tick is found, use fine-tipped tweezers to grasp it as close to the skin as possible and pull upward with steady, even pressure, avoiding twisting or jerking. After removal, clean the bite area and your hands with rubbing alcohol or soap and water.